Study On The Experiment Of The Mechanized Sweet Potato Harvesting Equipment

Henan Province is one of the main sweet potato producing areas in China. To improve the level of mechanized sweet potato harvesting, 4UJH-850 type stem chopping and returning machine and 4KJW-1600 digging machine were used as the major experiment and demonstration equipments in this paper, and the two types of the machines were tested for performance and production evaluation through experiment and demonstration .The research work , based on the large-scale survey of sweet potato plant mode, according to the development and present status of the domestic sweet potato harvesting equipment, set the step mechanized sweet potato harvesting mode. Moreover, after a full measurement and investigation on the soil conditions and cropping patterns at the test points, in accordance with the enactment of mechanized sweet potato harvesting mode of Henan, 4UJH-850 type stem chopping and returning machine and 4KJW-1600 digging machine were tested. The experiment not only examined the operating performance of the machines,but also effectively explored the technical testing methods and modes of mechanized sweet potato harvesting. The results show that:(1)The step mechanized sweet potato harvesting mode can meet the demand of the present plant mode of sweet potato, and greatly improve the level of mechanized sweet potato harvesting in Henan.(2)The various performance indicators of 4UJH-850 type stem chopping and returning machine can satisfy the demand of the design,and agree with many technical standards,such as "NY / T 1004-2006 quality evaluation and technical specifications of stalk returning machine ", "NY / T 500-2002 the operation quality of stalk returning machine ", "Q/ZNJ08-2008 4UJH type stem chopping and returning machine " ,ect. The paper made recommendations directed against three prominent problems for improvement, which were the middle blade fell off from the middle crashing cutter shaft, the drived rubber V-belt in a slide and the stems twisted in the middle crashing cutter shaft at both ends.It aslo can improve the design of the middle flat blade in the middle crashing cutter shaft, and adjust the height at the same time. Besides, the B-type drived rubber V-belt was replaced by C-type and put sleeves on the middle crashing cutter shaft to avoid twist,ect.(3)The various performance indicators of 4KJW-1600 digging machine can satisfy the demand of the design,and agree with the related national standards ,such as "NY/T 1130-2006 potato harvesting machinery", "NY / T 648-2002 quality evaluation and technical specifications of potato harvesting machinery ",ect. The paper made recommendations directed against three prominent problems appeared in the test for improvement,which were the transport separating chain with poor soil separating capacity, both sides of the plates hanging grass and leaving the sweet potato around.The original ellipse shaking wheel was replaced by triangle shaking wheel for improvement,besides, it enhanced the soil separatingcapability of the transport separating chain,and added round cutter to both sides of the plates to reduce the plate hanging grass, and solved the problem of the sweet popatos leaved around.