Researches On The Application Effects Of Different Anti-drought Measures On Nectarine

The 6-year-old Shuguang nectarine trees taken as the materials were studied in this experiment. The trees with uniform growing vigor were planted in the Expert Courtyard of Sweet Nectarine in Zhongjiang country, Deyang city of Sichuan province. The experiment adopted randomized design to study the influence of black membrane, straw mulching, aquasorb and the different concentration of antitranspirant (2g/L, 4g/L, 6g/L, 8g/L) on nectarine. The items including nectarine phenophase, young sprout and fruit growth, physical properties of wooden platter soil, physiological activity of leaves, fruit quality, yield per unit and economic effectiveness in order to select economic and practical anti-drought measures and provide a reference for solving and overcoming the drought in nectarine production. The results showed that:1. On the effect of the role of the nectarine phenophase: The role of black membrane was more obvious than other measures, which could make nectarine bloom period, fruiting period, the period of pigmentation of fruits, as well as maturity stage earlier 2-4 days by contrasting. Straw mulching and aquasorb had no effect on flowering, fruit setting period and the fruit-drop period, but only made the period of pigmentation, and maturity stage earlier 1 -2 days than the contrasting. The use of 6g/L and 8g/L antitranspirant could also make the period of pigmentation, and maturity stage advance 1 -2 days than that of the control.2. On the effect of the role of nectarine shoot, fruit growth: In the early stage of growth of shoot and fruit. Due to film coverage has better warming and moisturizing effect, so the growth rate of its tip and fruit was significantly higher than other treatments. After 30 days of full flowering, with the treatment of 6g/L antitranspirant and aquasorb a, the speed of the growth of shoot and fruit was gradually over black film coverage. The role of 6g/L antitranspirant was the most obvious. After 64d of flowering, with 6g/L antitranspirant, the shoot length was higher 7.08cm than the control. Under 6g/L antitranspirant, the fruits of length and width were respectively higher 0.52cm and 0.54cm than that of the control.3. On the effect of physical of soil: During the growth period, black film coverage, straw mulching and aquasorb can keep the content of water of soil 0-20cm(upper), 20-40cm (lower),and the role of aquasorb was the most significant. Aquasorb will also help reduce the bulk density of soil, and make total soil porosity of the soil respectively higher 12.62% and 4.69% than that of the control. Black film coverage and straw mulching only effected on the upper soil bulk density and total porosity, and its effect is worse than that of aquasorb. Both film coverage and aquasorb could improve temperature of soil 20cm deep ground, and film coverage had more pronounced effect.4. On the effect of the role of physiological activity: Black film coverage ,straw mulching, aquasorb and the different concentration of antitranspirant could inordinately improve the water content of the nectarine leaf and relative water content and lower leaf saturation deficit. Remain leaf PRO content, SOD activity, POD activity, MDA and soluble sugar content at a relatively low level. 6g/L antitranspirant had the most significant effect. It was proved that the implementation of drought would help mitigate the effects of drought environment on the nectarine, so that the supply for the plant growth and development approached normal levels. The anti-drought measures can effectively improve the heavy of leaves nectarine and increase the leaf's chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content. But 6g/L antitranspirant still had the most significant effect.5. On the effect of the role of the quality of the Nectarine fruit: The anti-drought measures had no significant effect on the nectarine fruit shape index. But the black film coverage, straw mulching, aquasorb and a higher concentration of antitranspirant (6g/L and 8g/L) can significantly improve the nectarine fruit weight, vitamin C, soluble solids and debase total acid content, so that the fruits of solid acid maintained a higher level. 6g/L antitranspirant had the most significant effect.6. On the economic assessment: the anti-drought measures brought obvious economic benefits though increasing production, but the differences were wide in the process of dealing. With 6g/L antitranspirant, the production of the nectarine is 30423.92kg/hm~2, added 24.11%. The adding value was 14774.43yuan/hm~2 and net income was 11022.56yuan/hm~2, which were the largest. However, its value cost ratio was 3.94, which was lower than the treatment of straw mulching, aquasorb and 2g/L antitranspirant. The value cost ratio of black film coverage was just 2.54 as a result of the high cost of black film.