Physiological Studies On The Different Lines Of Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim

Nine lines of Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim from five areas in Henan Province were to study the relationships among the main components in seeds, some physiological characteristics, chromosome ploidy, and the substance accumulation during development. Meanwhile, fundamental research on rapid propagations, calli induced, and meiosis of pollen mother cell in Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim were done. The main results are as follows:1. The significant differences in the main biological components and special component in seeds among the different lines of Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim from different areas, and so is the same among the lines from the same area. So it's not reliable to judge simply the quality from the production areas of Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim.2. All of the nine lines used in this study were polyploid by microscopic examination, 4 of them were hexaploid, the others were octoploid. It confirmed that the polyploid resouces among Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim are abundant in China.3. The results of some physiological characteristics related to the substance accumulation during development in Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim indicated that the soluble sugar contents in leaves of octoploid Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim were higher than that in the hexaploid lines during the whole developmenting stages, and the biggest difference which reached the significant difference level between the octoploid and hexaploid lines appeared during the full florescence stage; no remarkable differences in the soluble protein contents in leaves among the octoploid and hexaploid lines, but the leaf soluble protein contents in the hexaploid lines were higher than that of the octoploid ones before the full florescence, and the leaf soluble protein was relatively higher in the octoploid lines after the full florescence; the chlorophyll contents in leaves of the octoploid Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim were lower than that of the hexaploid lines during each developmenting stage, which showed a decrease from 4% to 10%.4. The significant differences in the main biological components and special component in seeds among the different lines of Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim with different chromosome ploidies, and so is the same among the lines from the same chromosome ploidies. So it's also not reliable to judge simply the quality from the chromosome ploidies of Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim.5. 0.4 mg/L 6-BA had a better effect to promote the shoots induction from the explants of the stems with axillary buds in Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim, and the root formation could be induced by 0.1～0.5 mg/L NAA. Calli induction from the stem segments of Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim were not sensitive to the concentration and proportion of the phytohormones (cytokinins, auxin), but the combination of 1.0 mg/L 6-BA with 0.5 mg/L NAA had a better effect to induce calli from the explants.6. The cytological and microscopic results showed that the flower buds which were less than 0.5 cm in length (without flower stalk) and 2-4 mm in diameter were most suitable to study the whole stages of meiosis of the pollen mother cells in Trichosanthes Kiriloii Moxim. The abnormal behavior of chromosomes and inhomogeneous cell divisions were found during the meiosis, which probably caused the pollen sterilities.