Germplasm Resource Investigation And Introduction Of Calanthe Tricarinata In Panzhihua, Szechwan

Calanthe tricarinata, one kind of terrestrial orchids of Calanthe, Orchidaceae, is a unique ornamental plant distributed in temperate zone. However, it has been assigned status as Vulnerable (VU) by according to the newly defined red listing categories by IUCN. It can be used as potted, cut flowers and garden flowers. Currently there has less research reports on the species, and no article on the community structure and survival status of Calanthe tricarinta. In AChina, it main grows in southwest, the middle part of China, Tibet and Taiwan, especially in Szechwan and Yunnan provinces. Panzhihua City, which locates between Szechwan and Yunnan, is one of the distributions. in China. In this field survey, therefore, Calanthe tricarinata in Panzhihua region was chosen as study objective. Furthermore, an introduction work to solve the question of low survival rate and growth weakness during in the introduction of Calanthe. tricarinata has been carried out in a green house. Based on above results, the main results are as follows:1) Calanthe tricarinata in the junction of Panzhihua in Sichuan-Yunnan region was investigated by two kinds of survey and simpling methods. The results showed that there are three distributional areas where Calanthe tricarinata grows in Panzhihua region, two less than 10 years ago, and the total quantity is less than 5000 within the altitude range. The damaged growth field is the main threaten factor.2) The damaged growth field is the main threaten factor reduced the quantity of Calanthe tricarinata. Community diversity and Altitude are the main factor to effect distribution of the plant. The spatial distribution pattern of Calanthe tricarinata shows aggregative distribution. Calanthe tricarinata take a wide niche, which is from 0.17 to 0.32 in the herbaceous layer, and niche overlaps of Calanthe tricarinata crosses between the plant and other dominant species in the herb layer. So Calanthe tricarinata can use of resource better. However, there has competitive between populations probably.3) Compared with original soil, the six kinds of substrates were made of peat, oak leaves and ceramic grains according to their different proportions, respectively. Under the conditions of temperature 18-25℃, humidity of 40-60%, the cultivated substrate with the ratio of 8:1:1 among peat, oak leaves and ceramic grains, can significant improve plant growth and root development of Calanthe tricarinata.:The average new root quantity gets to 11.33 and the new root length reaches to 10.43cm, the root activity comes to 5.05μg/g.h, are higher than those of control plants. The ratio of 2.27 between capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity and pH value of 6.63 and EC of 0.739 ms/cm are important factors in this cultivated substrate. It shows substrate with slightly acid, low soluble salt and good ventilation is more suitable for the growth of Calanthe tricarinata.4) Under greenhouse conditions, The variation of photosynthesis of Calanthe tricarinata is a single peak curve without midday depression, which shows that light condition is suitable for Calanthe tricarinata in greenhouse and plant would be not cause photoinhibition. Light compensation point of Calanthe tricarinata is from 4 to 8μmol, and light saturation point is from 595 to 992μmol.The results show that Calanthe tricarinta has strong tolerance to low light as well as to high light intensity.The reasonable theory has been established for resource protection and introduction of Calanthe tricarinata based on above researching results. The technique has been developed for cultivation of Calanthe tricarinata in green house. It is suggested to further develop the application as potted and gardening as well as protection.