Effects Of Organic Fertilizer On Soil Fertility And Physiological Characteristics And Yield Of Winter Wheat/Pepper Compound Colny

It is said every coin has two sides. Though long-term utilization of chemical fertilizer can lay a solid foundation for crop yeild, it also has some negative effects such as lower organic matter content in soil, less equality of soil nutrition, more change in soil fabric, lower efficiency of fertilizer, et al. Organic fertilizer can not only improve the yeild of crop, but also can efficiently delete the negative effects by chemical fertilizer. This article has measured soil nutrition of roots, nutrition content of crop, physiological property of leaf, and crop production by fertilization of three paterns of organic matter (for example Cattle manure, Mushroom dregs and Biogas slurry) and screened the best organic fertilizer and model of utilization by studying the influence of organic fertilizer on change of soil feritilization, content of crop nutrition, physiological property of leaf, yeid of crop. It can provide theoretical basis for agricultural sustainable development of Guanzhong area and the results can be listed as follows:1. Infulence of different patterns of fertilizer on soil nutritionContent of soil organic matter,total N,total P,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available kalium in soil can be dramatically increased by using three organic fertilizer,Content of soil nutrition in 20～40cm is lower than that in 0~20cm. contents of soil organic matter,total N,total P,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available kalium dealt with various fertilizer are all dramatically higher than CK. The model of turning over the organic fetilzer has more organic matter than that of surfacing it. compare these three type organic fertilizer , the effect of Cattle manure is best ,the second is Biogas slurry and the third is Mushroom dregs. The effect of pattern of turning over the Cattle manure is most dramatically increased and pattern of turning over the Biogas slurry is followed.2. Infulence of different patterns of fertilizer on crop nutritionThe order of concentration of total N in various organs of ripe wheat is grains > Stem > leaves,and in terms of total P which is also grains > Stem >leaves,whereas in terms of total K,the order is Stem>leaves>grains.The order of concentration of total N in various organs of ripe pepper is leaves>Stem>fruit,and Stem>leaves>fruit in terms of total P,Stem>leaves>fruit in terms of total K. Nutrition content of plant in different pattern of fertilizing is higher than normal one, and the turning-over is better than the surfacing one. Moreover, the nutrition content of plant in patternⅠis the highest, patternⅢis the less one.3. Infulence of different patterns of fertilizer on physiological property of cropUsing organic fertilizer can increase SOD activity and soluble protein content in flag leaf of wheat and pepper and decrease membrane peroxidating. The organic turning-over one is higher than surfacing one, and the patternⅠis the best one. Wth more nutrition, the SOD activity and soluble protein content in flag leaf of wheat has improved, and has less decreased at the later stage of growth, so does pepper. The SOD activity, soluble protein content and membrane peroxidating in patternⅠhas decreased slowly, and patternⅢis the less one.4. Infulence of different patterns of fertilizer on crop yeildDifferent fertilizing pattern of organic fertilizer has different effect on crop yeild. PatternⅠand patternⅢboth obviously have infulenced the yeild and yeild component of wheat which yeild, the spikes per plant, the spikes per plant and the 1000-kernel weight have reached peak point, increasing by 22.04% and 20.60%. Meanwhile, patternⅠand patternⅢare good for pepper yeild, increasing by 66.55% and 58.44%.