Research On Some Biological Characters Of The Leaf-Color Inversion Wheat

Top three leaves of wheat are the main photosynthetic organ at grain filling. Their organizational structure and physiological function were vital to yield. Grain yield comes mainly from Photosynthetic assimilates and flag leaves of wheat contribute most to grain yield. But leaves senesce accompanied with grain filling, which led to effective photosynthesis shortened and grain yield decreased. So color-changing of wheat functional leaf is an important subject worth studying. Using the leaf-color inversion wheat as experiment materials, this paper deals with leaf-color, 1000-kernel weight, activity index in leaf-color inversion stem and leaf-color normal stem, canopy temperature and number of green leaves was determined at grain filling. The results showed:1. The leaf-color inversion wheat had been discovered in natural. Flag leaf senescence was earlier than top 2nd leaf and this phenomenon existed on the same wheat. Not all stem leaves were inverted and there were leaf-color inversion stem and normal stem on the same wheat.2. Flag leaf senescence was earlier than top 2nd leaf and its biological parameters related took place abnormal changes.3. When growth period, leaf-color of leaf-color inversion wheat completely changed. The leaf-color classification of flag leaf was much higher than both that of top 2nd leaf and top 3rd leaf from anaphase of milky stage to grain filling stage.4. The rule of the activity indexes change of leaf-color normal stem was similar with common wheat. Chlorophyll content, soluble protein content and net photosynthetic rate in flag leaf of leaf-color normal stem were higher than that in top 2nd leaf and top 3rd leaf.5. Canopy temperature of the leaf-color inversion wheat was the intermediate type wheat. The leaf-color inversion wheat was cold tail state wheat.6. In growth period, the number of green leaves of leaf-color inversion stem was more than it of leaf-color normal stem until grain filling period.7. 1000-kernel weight of leaf-color inversion stem was higher than that of leaf-color normal stem. An average increase rate was 6.52% and the maximum was 18.66%.With calculating grain filling rate of 1000-kernel weight of leaf-color inversion stem, grain filling rate in leaf-color inversion stem and normal stem were 1.11g·1000^-1·d^-1 and 1.08g·1000^-1·d^-1 respectively from flowering period to milky stage. Grain filling rate in leaf-color inversion stem and normal stem were 0.94g·1000^-1·d^-1 and 0.71g·1000^-1·d^-1 respectively from doughy to maturity stage. So grain filling rate of leaf-color inversion stem was higher than it of normal stem.The innovative results were helpful to make clear the relationship of wheat leaves senescence and grain filling. The discovery of leaf-color inversion wheat provided insight into the solution of wheat premature aging,culture the cold type wheat and enhancing wheat yield.