| Oxytropis glabra DC belonging to Oxytropis of Leguminosae distributes widely in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, north of Shaanxi, and is recognized as one of dominant species of locoweed in China. Recently, some scholars have studied the chemical principals of Oxytropis glabra DC in different degree: Yu Rong-min et al studied the fraction of petroleum ether, chloroform and acetic ether of Oxytropis glabra DC and isolated 3, 4, 3 kinds of compounds respectively and obtained 8 kinds of alkaloids from total alkali fraction. The alkali constituents in Oxytropis glabra DC were analyzed systemically and swainsonine was obtained by Chen Shao-shu and the trial sheep displayed the classical toxic symptom by testing the toxicity. The chemical constituents of the volatile oil were analyzed with GC-MS by Ren Yong-li, The content of thermopsine was measured with HPLC by Li Kang-ping. In addition to this, there is no report about the chemical principals in Oxytropis glabra DC. Meanwhile, the forage grasses have been reduced rapidly in the western grassland recently, so it is necessary to study the chemical constituents, nutritional ingredients, toxical principles and pharmacological activity. Chemical constituents were identified by the preliminary chemical analysis and silica gel column chromatography the nutritional ingredients in Oxytropis glabra DC and the dynamic change of swainsonine in 3 kinds of locoweed were also studied in this article. The experimental results were given as follows:1. Preliminary Chemical Test and TLC Analysis of Chemical principles in Oxytropis glabra DCPhytochemistry composition preliminary systematic test and TLC analysis were applied to determine the chemical components of Oxytropis glabra DC. The results showed that oils, phenol, tannin, alkaloids, flavonoids, aminoacid, organic acid, chinones, polysaccharides, were contained in Oxytropis glabra DC, but cardiac glycosides, cyanophoric glycoside and aliphatic series nitrocompound were not detected. 1167.5g total extraction was gained by heating reflow with industrial alcohol from 10 kg hay power, 172 g, 12.6 g, 30.7 g and 180.5 g extraction were obtained by extracting with petroleum ether, chloroform, acetic ether, n-butanol from the total extraction. TLC was used to analyze chemical principles that extracted by different solvent. The results indicated that 9, 9 and 6 kinds of chemical principles in from petroleum ether, chloroform, acetic ether extractum respectively at least. The best developing chromatoplates were analyzed by TLC quantitative software, the content of Rf1, Rf7, Rf5 was the most maximum respectively.2 Isolation and identification of the chemical components of petroleum ether extraction from Oxytropis glabra DC6 compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether part by column chromatograph, and 2 of them were identified asβ-sitosterol, and daucosterol by comparing with standard sample, petroleum ether and 8～39 eluting fraction of first order chromatographic column were analyzed with GC-MS, 17 and 24 kinds of compounds were identified by computer searching.3 Nutritional Evaluation of different growing stages of Oxytropis glabra DCNutritional ingredients and mineral elements of different growing stages were detected by nutritional ingredient and mineral element analysis. The results indicated that the content of CP and CA in Oxytropis glabra DC was higher than straw and gramineae forage and equaled with legume forage; the content of ADF and NDF were lower than straw and legume forage, Ca and P were obviously higher than straw, gramineae and most of legume forage.4 Dynamic Change of Swainsonine in LocoweedThe content of SW in different growing stage of Oxytropis glabra DC, Astragalus strictus Grah ex Benth and Oxytropis kansuensis was detected by GC. The results indicated that the content of SW in 3 locoweed existed a elevatory tendency as maturity progressing and all the peak period arrived in pod stage. The content of SW in Astragalus strictus Grah ex Benth and Oxytropis kansuensis reduced after pod stage. |
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