The Separation And Utilization Of Sanming Wild Lentinula Edodes

China is abundant in germplasm resources of wild Lentinula edodes, but there were few successful examples in changing this advantage of such resources into economic resources. In the studies, the genetic relationship, the incompatibility factors and the extracellular enzyme activity among sixty-two wild strains and eight main cultivars we collected from Sanming region were studied systematically. After comprehensive analysis of the genetic relationship,physiological and biochemical characteristics and agronomic traits, monosporous hybridization of Lentinula edodes were carried out, meanwhile, genetic effects of eight quantitative traits were discussed. The main research results are as follows:1.Genetic relationship of 70 strains SCAR molecular marker technology and antagonistic test were used in analyzing the relationship of the Lentinula edodes strains we collected. On the basis of SCAR clustering results, the dissimilarity coefficient of seventy strains range from 0 to 0.9375,the average dissimilarity coefficient was 0.5126, these seventy tested strains could be divided into sixteen groups ,when the dissimilarity coefficient was D = 0.4526 level; According to SCAR clustering results,antagonistic test and fourteen quantitative traits clustering results, We came to the conclusion that the genetic differences between individuals strains and their spatial distribution have no apparent correlation.2.parent strains related traits research According to the antagonistic test with Trichoderma 52,we found L048,L3.8-5 have strong anti-infection capacity of Trichoderma. There were significant difference between the wild strains in protease activity, laccase activity, peroxidase activity and mycelial growth rate; Correlation analysis showed that Laccase and peroxidase were significantly correlated, they were significantly and negatively correlated with protease; Extracellular enzyme activity and mycelium growth rate were not significantly associated. Fourteen quantitative traits were combined into six principal components by Principal Component Analysis(PCA), the most prominent factor was single mushroom effector, followed by yield effector,The third effector was the ligninase effector. Quantitative traits clustering results showed that the genetic distance between eight main cultivars and other strains were much larger, which is consistent with the SCAR clustering results.3. Monospore strains incompatibility factor determination The incompatibility factors of twelve wild strains and four main cultivars were studied, 23 different A factors and 23 different B factors of these strains were determined. There were different incompatibility factors between wild strains and main cultivars. We declared that there was no causal relationship between the spatial distance and the heterogeneity of incompatibility factors, according to the result of incompatibility factors.4.The genetic effects of quantitative traits Thirty-six hybrid strains were obtained by mating and hybridizing with four different monokaryotic bodies in L3.8-5 and nine monokaryotic bodies in other three strains. The results of genetic analysis showed that fruitbody yield,fresh weight of a single fruitbody,pileus thickness and mushroom number were controlled by additive-dominant genetic model; Different parental strains have a significant impact on single-bag yield,mycelium growth rate on cultivation materials,mushroom number,pileus thickness,and so on;the different monokaryons of the same strain had little effect on different main characters of hybrids.5.breeding for Lentinula edodes with high yield and good quality This experiment has been screened the incompatibility factors of uncontral mating to obtained the hybrid strains by mating and hybridizing. Over two hundred hybrids have been obtained by fruiting test, in which there were thirty-five strains whose yield more than 50g / bag , One hybrid 413, who showed increase in yield by 56.38%, compared with the main cultivars L0013,is of high yield,good color changing,moderate weights in single fruiting body,excellent fruit-body shape was screened based on variance analysis and grey Correlation degree analysis. In addition, 185, 117, 132, 123 and other hybrids are also worthy of further study who particularly prominent in some traits.