Identification And Species Diversity Of Arbuscular Mycorrizal Fungi In Rubber Tree Of Hainan Province

This diploma work were concentrated on species diversity of arbuscular mycorrizal fungi (AMF) and the antagonism effect of their dominant specie against pathogens of red root rot,brown root rot in rubber tree of Hainan province. Collected 24 rhizosphere soil and root samples from 22 plantations which belong to 11 cities or counties of Hainan province, used root staining method to explore AM colonization, wet-sieving and decanting method to isolated spores of AMF and morphological ways to identified, the main results are as follows:1 Hypha, vesicles, entry points and arbuscular structure were observated under micr oscope, the AM structure was Arum-type, hypha had septate and most of vesicles wer e elliptical. The results showed the rubber tree could colonizated by AMF.2 Sixty-eight species of AMF belonged to six genera, including forth-three species of Glomus, eighteen species of Acaulospora, three species of Entrophospora, one specie of Archaeospora, one species of Gigaspora and two species of Scutellospora, were isolated and identified from rhicosphere soil samples of rubber tree.The result showed Glomus were the dominant genus and Acaulospora mellea was the dominant specie in the rhicosphere of rubber tree in Hainan.3 Study the species diversity of AMF from rhicosphere of rubber tree belongs to 11 cities or counties of Hainan province, the results shows the spore density (SD) of 11 sampling sites ranged from 291 to 2048 with an average of 780.0±412.1 per 100g dry weight of soil, Wenchang city had the lowest SD while Ledong countiy had the highest; species richness (SR) were ranged from 5 to 15 with an average of 10.1 and Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H) were ranged from 0.196 to 0.74 with an average of 0.437 per sampling sites, the H and SR of AMF isolated from Tuchang counties were the lowest while from Qiongzhong were the highest.Analysis of correlation showed the pH of rubber tree soil factors had a very significant correlation and the otal phosphorus (Po) had significant correlation to the SD of AMF, but soil factors had no significant correlation to the H of AMF, indicated that soil factors is one of factor influenced the species diversity of AMF.4 Study the species diversity of AMF from rhicosphere of 0-5,5-10,10-15,15-20,20-25, 25-30,30-35,35-40 years age bracket rubber tree, the results showed the SD were ranged from 360 to 1004 with an average of 607.9±227.4 per 100g dry weight of soil and SR were ranged from 6 to 17 with an average of 11.25 per sampling sites, both SD and SR in 0-5 years old rubber tree showed an up trend firstly, and reached to peak in the 30-35 years old rubber then showed an down trend after that; H were rangerd from 0.0290 to 0.8065 with an average of 0.4954 per sampling sites, H in 0-5 years old rubber tree also showed an up trend firstly, then reach to peak in the 10-15 years old rubber, at 0.574, but suddenly descend in the15-20 years old rubber, after that, H showed an up trend and reached to peak in the 25-30 years old rubber but right following showed an down trend; analysis of correlation revealed the growth age of rubber tree had a very significant correlation to H of AMF and significant correlation to SD and SR in the rhicosphere of rubber tree, indicated growth age of rubber tree was a important factor influence the species diversity of AMF in the rhicosphere of rubber tree.5 Inoculated Acaulospora mellea(A.m) to research the antagonism effect of AMF dominant specie against pathogens of rubber tree red root rot (hong),brown root rot (he), the result showed the deoxidizing activity of TTC,SOD,POD in rubber tree root inoculated A.m was significantly higher than contrast(CK); pre-inoculated A.m and then inoculated red root rot(hong),brown root rot(he)pathogens 35 days later, the deoxidizing activity of TTC,SOD,POD in rubber tree root was higher than inoculated red root rot (hong),brown root rot (he) only, and the peak of SOD,POD activity in former treatment appeared 3 days earlier than the latter treatment, indicated that pre-inoculated A.m had an antagonism effect against pathogens of red root rot (hong),brown root rot (he) in rubber tree.