Irrigation And Nitrogen Sources On Quality And Yield Of Potato

With the development of dryland farming, Potato, as food and vegetables, has become a major food, industrial raw materials in china. Potato was cultivated in a lager scale in Shanxi provience. In recent years, the output and quality of potato had been investigated by many research and production departments. The aim of this research is to clarify nitrogen nutrition in potato cultivation; to improve nitrogen use efficiency; to increase the income of peasants; to prevent from environmental pollution; to maintain sustainable agricultural development. In Shanxi Province, Xinzhou City, Academy of Agricultural Experiment Station Wuzhai County potato base,the test on potato absorption and utilization of different nitrogen forms was conducted by a randomized complete block design field experiment. The results will provide some reasonable theoretical basis. This experimental results showed that:1. Effects of different kentite ratio and irrigation conditions on soil nitrogen content during development stages of potato.Determination of soil samples before sowing points, the total nitrogen content of test soil is 1.18g/kg (measured before fertilization). Total nitrogen in test soil decreased after absorption of potato growing during the potato growth period. In the tuber formation stage, total nitrogen of test soil changed in different treatments. Nitrogen content increased after nitrogen fertilization.Due to nitrogen absorption of potato, nitrogen content decreased without additional nitrogen.During the tuber formation and growth stages, nitrogen decreased 0.33 g/kg in the treatment 3 and 0.25 g/kg in the treatment 2.Under the similar soil texture and rainfall conditions, reduced nitrogen content may result from effects of different kentite ratio on nitrogen absorption of potato.While,effect of seedling irrigation on the dynamic changes of total nitrogen in test soil is insignificant.2. Effects of different kentite ratio and irrigation conditions on morphological index of potato. Under the different irrigation conditions, the potato plant height is the hightest in treatment 2(67.44cm) and increase 10.2% compared with the control (CK). The potato stem diameter is thickest in treatment 3(14.33cm) and increase 20.8% compared with the control (CK).Different gradient kentite ratio in the absence of irrigation, potato plant height is the highestin treatment 7(65.75cm) and increase 7.4% compared with the control (CK). The potato stem diameter is thickest in treatment 11(14.21cm) and increase 19.8% compared with the control (CK).3. Effects of different kentite ratio and irrigation conditions on potato chlorophyll.Under the different irrigation conditions, chlorophyll content of potato in all treatments are higher than control. The chlorophyll content of potato in treatment 2 is the highest(49.96) and increase 9.8% compared with the control (CK).Different gradient kentite ratio in the absence of irrigation, The chlorophyll content of potato in treatment 9 is the highest(48.13) and increase 5.8% compared with the control (CK).4. Effects of different kentite ratio and irrigation conditions on the quality Index of potato.Under the different irrigation conditions, the potato starch content and Vc content are highest(15.15% and 14.58g/100g respectively) in treatment 2 and increase 12.6% and 10.5% respectively compared with the control (CK). The dry matter content of potato is highest in treatment 6(21.14%) and increase 9.6% compared with the control (CK).Different gradient kentite ratio in the absence of irrigation, the potato starch content and dry matter content of potatov are highest(14.87% and 20.71% respectively) in treatment 10 and increase 10.5% and 7.4% respectively compared with the control (CK). The Vc content of potato is highest in treatment 9(13.91g/100g) and increase 5.4% compared with the control (CK).5. Effects of different kentite ratio and irrigation conditions on the rate of the potato product.Under the different irrigation conditions, the rate of the potato product is the highest(90%) in treatment 1 and increase 23% compared with the control (CK),while, the number of tubers per plant is lowest (5.44)。the rate of the potato product is the higher(78%) in treatment 2 than others and the number of tubers per plant is highest (9.11).Different gradient kentite ratio in the absence of irrigation, the rate of the potato product is the highest(83%) in treatment 10 and increase 10% compared with the control (CK). The number of tubers per plant is highest in treatment 11 (7.00).6. Effects of different kentite ratio and irrigation conditions on yield of potato.Under the different irrigation conditions,the potato output is highest in treatment 2(42.71kg) and imcrease 18% compared with the control (CK).Different gradient kentite ratio in the absence of irrigation, the potato output is highest in treatment 8(39.73kg) and imcrease 9.8% compared with the control (CK).In summary,the experimental data indicated that treatment 1 has 1 optimal index, treatment 2 has 5 optimal indexes, treatment 3 has 1 optimal index, treatment 4 has 2 optimal indexes and treatment 6 has 1 optimal index.The treatment 2 can be considered as the best one because of the highest yield of potato in treatment 2.