Evaluation On The Germplasm Resources Of Polyporus Umbellatus And Preliminary Study On The Formation Of The Sclerotium

Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. belongs to Polyporaceae genus of medicinal fungi porous and is traditional in our country. It is used with its dry sclerotia in medicine, removing dampness and promoting dieresis. So it can be used to do with difficulty in micturition, dropsy edema, diarrhea, stranguria with turbid discharge and fluor. Recent research shows that Polyporus polysaccharide has many medical effectiveness, such as strengthening the immune system, cancer, hepatitis and other prevention.It is widely distributed in China, north to Heilongjiang, south to Fujian and west to Qinghai, in which Yunnan, Shaanxi, Hebei, Sichuan are the main producing areas, and the largest amount in Yunnan, the best quality in Shaanxi. But year after year excavation of origin of wild resources brings on decreasing in itself, the use of sclerotia to carry on asexual reproduction and is not selected, resulting in degradation of germplasm and yield instability, resulting that Polyporus was declining year by year listing the amount of potential supply and demand contradiction.The study carried on the collection and screening of germplasm resources, comparison of different growth years of domestic Polyporus sclerotium, dicussed more than ten kinds of mineral salts and vitamins the different effects on Polyporus plate and shaking culture, comparing different effects of factors on the mycelium growth of Polyporus umbellatus, discussed the possible stimulus to the formation of sclerotia.The main results of the study are as follows:1. In the same environment and nutrition conditions: Hebei and Sichuan strains of growth performance is better; Shannxi and Jilin strains of production capacity is relatively high; Shaanxi and Hubei strains of fermentation is the best, the polysaccharide content is higher both inside and outside the cell, and the medicinal value is high. So comprehensively speaking, the quality of Shaanxi strain is better than the other six strains.2. The moisture and ash content of domestic Polyporus umbellatus is decreasing with the increasing of its growth, while the content of polysaccharide contrary. In all the fourth year is the most appropriate harvest time.3. In liquid medium, adding different mineral salts or vitamin has extremely significant influence to the dry weight of hyphae and the content of intracellular and extracellular polysaccharide.4.While feeding and training in the bags of material culture, when the ratio of material and water is 1:1.4, and constant temperature of 25 degrees Celsius, and 24h darkness, sealing with ring and having good permeability conditions, the growth of hyphae is the fastest.5. From the result of separation,any internal fungus which could be cultivable was not separated in the Polyporus sclerotia, possibly because Polyporus umbellatus itself is a large medicinal fungi, the rejection leads to no other fungi aliving.6.Between 11 Celsius and 18 degrees Celsius and under dark conditions, hyphae mycelium ball appeared in the pocket full of hyphae, the color from shallow gradually to deep, the shape also from small to big, it means in the dark circumstances, appropriate changing of the temperature is a key factor of forming the sclerotia of Polyporus umbellatus. But low temperature stimulation , the light and the four kinds of fungi which were separated from the growth soil of the Polyporus umbellatus have no obvious effects on the form of sclerotia.