| Aphid, as one kind of destructive pest in agricultural production, is difficult to prevent and control due to the great kinds, rapid reproduction and short growth period. Nowadays, with the increasing consciousness of people's environmental protection, discovering highly effective eco-friendly and economic new-style pesticides is a increasingly heated topic. Finding out many more kinds of efficient botanical pesticide is an effective way.According to result of bioassay, 5 kinds of highly active substances to 5 aphids(cabbage aphid, Macrosiphoniella sanborni, black wheat aphid,myzus persicae,and Aphis pomi) were selected by indoor bioassay out of the 61 kinds of botanical extracts. Moreover, the 5 kinds of plant extracts were combined and the results showed 6 combinations with siginificantly coordinate synergism to aphid. Then, under the instructing of formulation technique, 6 kinds of eco-friendly botanical aphicides were obtained.Last, two kinds of formulas for futher study. The main results are following:1. According to the result of bioassay to cabbage aphid, Macrosiphoniella sanborni, black wheat aphid,myzus persicae,and Aphis pomi; rotenone, nicotine, AF-I, AF-II and AF-III showed high aphicidal activity from 61 kinds of botanical substances.2. 5 kinds of plant extracts, rotenone, nicotine, AF-III and AF-II and AF-IV,were combined and the results showed that the combination of rotenone + turpentine oil(c.f =21.9942)and nicotine + oil of turpentine(c.f =22.5504)had coordinate synergism to aphid by qualitative analysis of co-toxicity coefficient. Thus, the optimum ratio of combinations were 1:20 and 1:2, respectively by quantitative determination of co-toxicity factor. AndCTC values were 315.065 and 222.5. The results of field efficacy trail demonstrated ZX-1 was confirmed as high effency formula, with the protection ratio more than 80% after 7 days, however, the protection ratio of ZX-2 was poor.3. 5 kinds of plant extracts, rotenone,nicotine,AF-I,AF-II and AF-III were combined and the results showed that the combination of rotenone +AF-I(c.f=25.9712), nicotine +AF-III(c.f=20.9853)and AF-I+AF-II(c.f=23.1727)had coordinate synergism to Aphis pomi by qualitative analysis of co-toxicity coefficient. Thus, the optimum ratio of combinationa were 1:9, 1:3 and 4:1, respectively by quantitative determination of co-toxicity factor. In addition, CTC values were 313.2051, 304.3313 and 221.4603. The results of field efficacy trail demonstrated the protection ratio of formulas ZX-3 was best in 3 preparation and were more than 82% in 7 days after diluted into 1500x. The protection ratio of formulas ZX-4 and ZX-5 is more than 73% and 63.88% at most in 7 days after diluted into 1500x.4. 5 kinds of selected plant extracts were combined and the results showed that the combination of rotenone and AF-IV(c.f=21.3324), nicotine and AF-I(c.f=20.895)had coordinate synergism to Aphis sp. By qualitative analysis of co-toxicity coefficient.Thus, the optimum ratio of combinationa were 1:20 and 9:1,respectively, by quantitative determination of co-toxicity factor. In addition,CTC were 416.0293 and 212.2806. Two kinds of formulas, ZX-3,ZX-4 and ZX-5 were required and the test in field revealed the protection ratio of ZX-1 were more than 73% in 7days and after that,reaching to 80.12%.Both of swift and durable effect of ZX-6 is worse than that of ZX-1.5.After this study, two kinds of formulas ZX-1 and ZX-3 were obtained as high effective,stable and qualitative eco-friendly botanical aphicide. The protection ratio of ZX-1 is fairly good to aphis sp and tobacco aphid, while that of aphis pomi is preferable.
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