Different Tillage On Methods On Soil Quality And Weeds Control

Inner Mongolia North Foot ecological environment is fragile, serious degradation of soil quality, drought, wind erosion and other phenomena occur frequently. This research conducted in Wuchuan County, in 2007-2009, aimed to study the influence of No-tillage, Annual Subsoiling, Subsoiling over year, Annual Asamatsu, Light Rotation and Cnventional tillage methods on six kinds of soil quality and weeds control,in order to control wind erosion and improve soil quality, control field weeds provide a theoretical basis. The results showed that:1. Conservation tillage methods on soil physical propertiesThe Soil water of No- tillage and Annual Subsoiling content higher than Conventional tillage, respectively increased 17.1%, 11.3%; Soil temperature variation of conservation tillage was more relaxative than conventional tillage; Contents of soil silt (particle size of 0.05 ~ 0.002 mm) and sticky grains (particle size of size <0.002 mm) were 14.67%~14.75% higher than conventional tillage; Conservation tillage increased soil bulk density in the soil plow layer, the same almost in lower layer .2. Influences of different tillage methods on chemical and biological properties of soilThe nitrogen content of Conservation tillage was lower than CT, other nutrients are increased, which Annual Subsoiling, No-tillage were the best performance; Conservation tillage bacteria mainly in the topsoil. The number of bacterias in Annual Subsoiling, No-tillage soil were 19.2×106个/ g, 18.3×106个/ g, which increased respectively 54.8% and 47.6% compared with conventional tillage. The average quantity in the order: Annual Subsoiling > Subsoiling over year > No-tillage > Annual Asamatsu > Light Rotation > Cnventional tillage; The number of fungi and actinomycetes were less than bacteria, but the variation trends were similar.3. Influences of different tillage methods on erosion of soilAmount of soil erosion with soil water content, soil mechanical composition of the surface structure was negatively correlation, Subsoiling over year , Annual Subsoiling, No-tillage than conventional tillage to reduce wind erosion was 65.1%, 62.3%, 69.0%, while Annual Asamatsu and Light Rotation anti-wind erosion is not obvious.4. Influences of different tillage methods on plant yield Economic output in 3 year of Annual subsoiling and no-tillage of the whole were relatively high, Subsoiling over year and Annual Asamatsu were medium, while Shallow rotary and Conventional tillage were low. In 2008a, the economic output of No-tillage and Annual Subsoiling were 48.0% and 186.5% increased compared with the traditional, and shallow rotary tillage was lower than CT.5. Influences of different tillage methods on weeds controlNo-till weeds density was higher than 22.1% of traditional farming, combined effects of herbicides, glyphosate was the highest, 76.3%~82.1%; Fresh weight: Glyphosate 79.3%~93.2%> 2-4D-butyl 79.2%~86.3%> Tribenuron 70.2%~91.0%.6. Soil quality evaluation about different tillageSoil comprehensive quality index in the order was: Annual Subsoiling>No -tillage> Subsoiling over year > Annual Asamatsu > Light Rotation > Conventional tillage, No -tillage and Annual Subsoiling were obviously superior in increasing soil moisture and microorganism number than other tillage.