| Wheat is one of the most important crops worldwide, Almost distribute every country in the world, the planting area is the second in China and is extremely important crops. But with the independent of the breeding level, the germplasm resource appears increasingly scarce, and wheat breeding is difficult to have a breakthrough. A large of genetic variation in the wild relatives of common wheat and can greatly expand the genetic basis of wheat when introduction of genetic germplasm from wild relatives. So that is an important sense for theoretical research and seed breeding of wheat.Triticales secale is a amphidiploid hybrid and come from hybridized between Common Wheat(AABBDD) and Rye(RR),it is has a high resistance and other good characters et al. This study adopts jingdong series wheat because it is has a excellent agronomic characters and widely cultivated area in Hebei east with Triticales secale (jinsong5 and jinsong49) to make distant hybridization, Choose a cross combination with good compatibility,that is jingdong8♀×jinsong5♂, use morphological,cytology,micro morphological and RAPD to study the F1,BC1F1 and F2 generation. Finally, breeding some germplasm which has good gene and suitable grow in Area of Eastern Hebei , Results where shown as follows:①In every period of growth, to make field survey with F1,BC1F1 and F2 generation, and plant laboratory test for each morphological indexes in maturity.The result mentioned that the F1 height below the parents, tillers and spikelet higher than parents, the flag leaf length,width is close to male parent. Flowerlets number close to parents.②By means of chromosome numbers of root tip cells (RTC) and chromosome configurations of pollen mother cells(PMC). F1 was 2n=49, BC1F1 was 2n = 42-49 and F2 was 2n = 42-56, explain the separation of genetic material that is not stable, so need to make further seed selection and identify.③Observation the pollen grains and leaf surface morphology of parents and F1 by use of the scanning electron microscope, Most parents shape was close to orbicular, but the F1 pollen grains have shrinks phenomenon, that has a very big relations with the stamens growth is not normal, The leaf surface or stomata size and shape of F1 was similar with the male parents, but the stomata was slightly smaller, so micro morphology can conduct a important index to identify hybrid.④With the RAPD analysis, selected 12 specific primers from 100 random primers, Total expansion bands were 79 of 6 samples, polymorphism band were 47. each primers expansion bands with the range of 4-11, Polymorphism loci percentage was 59.5%,The bands size was from200 bp to 3000bp.In a group of parents and F1, F1 has the highest percentage of polymorphic loci,was 79.75% and the female parents was 32.91% only. Finally,choose 4 primers,which is specific in R chromosome.
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