| Among the tumors of head and neck of human, tumors of nasal cavity and sinus are commonly seen in clinics, especially the tumors whose pathology are inverted papilloma (IP) and squamous cell carcinoma ( SCC). Up to now, the pathogeny of the malignant tumors of nasal cavity and sinus is not known clearly.Human papilloma virus ( HPV ) is a virus with circular two -chain DNA that usually causes proliferating changes by infecting skin and mucus epithelium. It can be divided into low - risk and high -risk type. The HPV6, 11 belong to the low risk type and HPV 16, 18, 33 belong to the high - risk type. The high - risk type is close associate with the malignant change of human tumor. P53 is a kind of tumor suppressor gene, which is close correlated with the development of many malignant tumors of human. The function of P53 is lost because of the mutation of P53 gene and the cells which have the tendency to become malignant will proliferate infinitely. P53 protein, the product of mutation, will deposit in the cells.In this study, in order to detect the presence of HPV16 and P53 protein and discuss the role of HPV infection and P53 gene mutation in the development of tumors of nasal cavity and sinus of Chinese peo-ple, we analyzed 58 cases of tumor samples of nasal cavity and sinus by immunohistochemistry.Materials and MethodsAll the tumor samples of nasal cavity and sinus, which were embedded in paraffin, were collected from the patients in the ENT department of the first affiliated hospital of China Medical University from 1996 to 2000. There were 25 cases of malignant tumor, 9 cases of IP with squamous cell atypical hyperplasia, 24 cases of IP.Two ?step method was used in this study. All the tissue sections were deparaffinized and boiled to repair the antigen. After incubating the sections with 3% hydrogen peroxide in water, reagent A(antibod-y) and B(IgG) were applied on the sections. Then the sections were incubated with DAB, counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with coverslip. PBS served as a negative control. When observing under microscope, the positive reaction of p53 protein is the brown deposition in nucleus while the positive reaction of HPV16 antigen is the brown deposition in plasma.ResultsThere was no positive reaction of p53 in IP. The positive rate of p53 protein in malignant tumor and IP with atypical hyperplasia had significant difference with IP(p<0.01, p<0.01), while the first two groups' difference was not significant ( p > 0. 05 ). No significant difference were found between the groups of different sex, smoking history, type of malignant tumor and positive p53 staining in 25 casesof malignant tumor of nasal cavity and sinus ( p > 0. 05). There was also no significant difference between p53 positivity and histological differentiation in the 14 cases of SCC ( p > 0.05 ).The infection rate of HPV 16 in IP and IP with squamous atypical hyperplasia were significantly higher than malignant tumor (p <0.01, p < 0. 05 ). There was no significant difference between first two groups in HPV 16 infection rate (p >0.05).The positive rate of p53 protein and HPV 16 exist simultaneously in IP with atypical hyperplasia were 33. 3% , which was higher than malignant tumor and IP.DiscussionThe developing process of tumors of nasal cavity and sinus is very complex. The definite pathogeny of the tumors of nasal cavity and sinus is not known clearly up to now. Now the study of HPV, p53 gene and its products is the focus in the field of tumor research. HPV and p53 protein have high expression rates in the tumors of upper respiratory tract.1. The relation between HPV infection and tumors of nasal cavity and sinus.Human papilloma virus is a kind of two - chain DNA virus, whose E6 and E7 region has association with the transformation and carcinogenic function of viral cells. HPV only infects the epithelial ceUs of skin and mucosa of human, most of which locates in benign lesions. But it can also be found in malignant tumors. Up to now, 90 kinds of HPV subtypes have been...
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