| IntroductionStress ulcer is a frequent occurrence in critically ill patients. GMBF is not only an important factor to maintain integrity of gastric mucosa, but also the common mechanism of numerous mucosa protec-ting factors to role in . Stellate ganglion blockade (SGB) is a common technique in clinical nerve block , which is widely used in pain thera-py. Imitating stellate ganglion blockade in human being by TCST in rats has been founded. It has been reported that TCST can weaken the severity of experimental stress ulcer, but nobody reports its mecha-nism. We investigated the changes of plasma ET - 1 and serum NO and GMBF in water immersion restrain rats after TCST.Material and MethodsMale Sprague - Dawleys rats ( n = 30 ) which were fasting 24h , were allocated into three groups in random. All animals (200 250g) were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (40mg/kg, intraperitone-ally) , then we found the superior cervical ganglion at the dorsal sur-face of common cervical artery crotch under the microscope, and cut off the cervical sympathetic nerve truck 3mm inferior to the superior cervical ganglion before terminal ligation and suture of incision in thegroup 3, while the nerves were simply exposed and separated in the group land 2. After being fasting 24h,all the rats were slightly anes-thetized with ether . The rats in group 2 and 3 were restrained. When the restrained rats awake, they were immersed into water ( 23 ?1?C ) vertically with xiphoid process above water. Six hours later the im-mersed rats were taken out of water. All animals were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital once more. Then we cut open their abdomen along the midline and separated stomach from surroundings. The probe of laser Doppler blood stream meter was inserted into stomach to detect GMBF of the gastric antrum and corpus in greater and lesser curvature respectively. Blood in abdominal aorta was drawed to measure NO and ET - 1 in plasma. Then stomach was cut open along greater curva-ture. We evaluated ulcer index ( UI) in stomach according to Guth score after washing stomach with saline. Then a piece of mucosa in gastric corpus was cut to be observed in histology after paraffin section and HE stain. ET - 1 was determined by radio - immunity technique while NO was determined by nitrate reductase technique.The datas was presented as the mean ?standard deviation ( x ?s). Statistical significance was determined by students t - test for in-ter ?groups comparison. The relationship between two variances was determined by linear - regression analysis. P values less than 0. 05 were considered as statistically significant (SPSS statistic).ResultsThere are no difference on body weights in three groups. One rats in group 1 died of respiratory depression by pentobarbital. There was no stress ulcer in gastric mucosa of group 1. Mucosa bleeding in point and line could be observed in group 2 and group 3. In the minority ofgroup 2, we could see mucosa edema and erosion. UI in group 3 was less than that in group 2. GMBF in groups 3 were more than that in group 2 and less than that in group 1. GMBF had a significant nega-tive correlation with UI in stress groups. ET - 1 in plasma in stress groups was higher than that in control group, but it was lower in group 3. NO value was higher in group 2 than that in goup 3. ET - 1 in plasma had a moderate negative - correlation with GMBF. ET - 1 in plasma had a moderate positive - correlation with NO in plasma.DiscussionDisturbance of microcirculation in gastric mucosa is major patho-physiological process in the stress ulceration. GMBF plays an impor-tant role in gastric mucosa protection. The regulatory mechanisms are very complicated, in which ET ?1 and NO are crucial. Stellate gan-glion plays a part of sympathetic functions in physiology. For rodent, the neuroendocrine axis of cervical sympathetic trunk ?submandibular gland plays an important role in stress, which releases various kinds of polypeptide under control of sympathetic nerve. The present experi-m... |
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