| Endometrial carcinoma is the commonest malignancy of the female genital tract, but the exact pathogenesis is still uncertain. Most researches found that endometrial hyperplasia can probably lead to endometrial malignant transformation. It's complex and conflicting on dealing with the endometrial hyperplasia in clinic. Only making a proper judgement on its prognosis ,or to say, its tendency of malignancy, can we select the best therapy according to the patient's real condition(such as age, requisition for giving birth, medical complication, etc.). We often encounter that the patients who had complex hyperplasia or atypical hyperplasia of endometrium were not given hysterectomy, whereas patients who had simple hyperplasia had then- uteri resected easily, which can bring a pity all their life. It's difficult to define the bounds between precancerous lesion and endometrial carcinoma in situ. In resent years, most people think that tumor arises when apoptosis blocking or cell proliferating excessly. Growth and decline between cell proliferating and apoptosis determines the arising, developing and outcoming of the tumor. Tumor arising when the balance between cell proliferating and apoptosis is broken. Some oncogene and anti-oncogene effect tumor progression and prognosis by regulating the balance between cell proliferating and apoptosis, and tumor therapy is also realized by this way. Apoptosis is a physiological phenomenon, which can clearup the unwanted or defected cells actively under the strict genie regulation ofour body. It's a main mechanism to maintain normal metabolism. It can preserve the balance of individual development or adult organism through eliminate the decrepit, wounded, or latent toxicity cells. So it is considered that inhibition of apoptosis is an important mechanism during the process of tumorigenesis. Survivin is a new antiapoptosis gene, which is discovered recently, and survivin protein is a new member of inhibition of apoptosis protein(IAP) family. It can inhibit cell apoptosis, and play a significant role in cell mitosis and cytoplastic cleavage. Studys suggest that survivin is a tumor specific apoptosis gene, it is expressed during the fetal development and in common human tumors, but cannot be found in normal adult tissues. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) is a assistant factor of DNA polymerase 6, participating in DNA synthesize, and playing a great role in regulation of cell cycle. The cyclic change of PCNA is related to cell proliferating process, it's a milestone during the period of cell proliferation and malignant disease. Research of survivin expression in normal endometria, endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma, the role of it hi endometrial carcinoma growth, invasion and metastasis, and the relationship between survivin and cell proliferation in endometrial carcinoma, is started recently abroad, it cannot be found domestically. OBJECTIVEThe aim is to investigate the function of survivin hi endometrial carcinoma arising and evolution, and its relation to cell proliferation. Through the study of survivin expression in endometrial carcinoma and its relation to cell proliferating activity, we analyzed the molecular mechanism of survivin during oncogenesis. It may be a valuable target for early diagnosis and therapy of endometrial carcinoma, and can provide a new target gene for effectual remedy to endometrial carcinoma. METHODSThe positive rates of survivin and PCNA expression in 10 cases of normal endometria, 20 cases of endometrial hyperplasia, 33 cases of endometrial carcinoma were studied by immunohistochemistry. RESULTSFrom normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia to endometrial carcinoma, the positive expression rates of survivin protein were heightened gradually, p<0.05. Survivin expression was obviously associated with cell proliferating activity in endometrial carcinoma, but had no relation to histological grade and clinical stage.1. The positive rates of survivin expression raised from normal endometria, endometrial hyperplasia to e...
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