| Objective To study the pathogenic mechanism of hepatitis C by detecting and analyzing the peripheral blood T lymphocytes sub-group and soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R) of patients with viral hepatitis C, we screened and evaluated the experimental indexes that can be used for predicting the outcomes patients with viral hepatitis C.Methods T lymphocytes sub-groups and sIL-2R were detected in 96 cases of the patients with viral hepatitis C. Among of them, 18 cases received IFN a treatment. Both the levels of sIL-2R and T Lymphocytes sub-groups before and after the treatment were detected by ELISA and Flow Cytometry (FCM) respectively.Results The results showed that sIL-2R levels were significantly higher in the groups of patients with hepatitis C than that in the control group (p<0.05) and were correlated with the levels of ALT (r = 0.641). Compared to the control group, thelevels of CD4 T lymphocytes sub-groups and ratio of CD4+/ CD8+ were lower and the levels of CD8+ T lymphocytes sub-groups were higher in all patients with viral hepatitis C. After the IFN a therapy, the levels of the sIL-2R were decreased and cellular immune function were improved . HCV-RNA in some of the patients became negative. The patients who had the higher ratio of CD4+/ CD8+ before and after IFN a treatment the lower levels of CD8+ T lymphocytes sub-groups and sIL- 2R after IFN α treatment had a higher rate of HCV-RNA negative conversion.Conclusion Immune response contributes to the damage of hepatocyte and all clinical types of patients with viral hepatitis C have immune disorder. IFN- α is able to improve the immune founction of the patients with viral hepatitis C. It is of great value to observe the changes of peripheral blood T Lymphocytes sub-groups and the level of soluble interleukin-2 receptor, which might be as the experimental indexes to determine the prognosis of viral hepatitis C and the therapeutic effect of IFN α .
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