| Objective: It is hotspot to study the effect of diagnostic ultrasound on apoptosis and ultrastructure in special tissue. In this experiment, we dedicate to find the effect of diagnostic CDFI on apoptosis and ultrastructure in fetal rat's renal tubule epithelial cell, and provide new evidence on the safety of clinical CDFI application. Methods: Mid-pregnancy rat models were established by observing vaginal plug and vital sperms, assisted by examining the size of embryo. Thirty-two female Spraque-Danles rats that have been pregnant for 14 days were divided into four groups averagely and randomly, control group (group I) was sham-irradiated, group II -IV were irradiated by diagnostic CDFI (Acuson Sequoia-512, transducer 4V1, HS.OMHz, CD=3.0, Tis=1.8, MIcd=1.6) for 10 minutes , 20 minutes and 30 minutes respectively, fetal rats' kidneys of four groups were removed at 24 hours after irradiation,HE Stain was done for microscope observing; apoptosis was detected with TUNEL, image analysis was done with Leica Q500MC. and results were analysed with spss 11.0; ultrastructural changes were observed by transmission electron microscope.Results: There was no abnormal changes among group I -IV under microscope, and there was no significant differences in apoptosis among group I -. group II and group III (P>0.05), but there was significant difference between group IV and group I (P<0.05); ultrastructural changes of renal tubule epithelial cell in group IV were observed by transmission electron microscope, which showed margination and condensation of the nuclear chromatin, mitochondria swelling, etc. Conclusion: Continuous irradiation beyond 30 minutes by diagnostic CDFI in second-trimester of pregnancy may result in fetal rat's renal tubule epithelial cell apoptosis, and induce ultrastructural light changes. It would do latent harm to fetal kidney when fetus in second-trimester of pregnancy was irradiated by diagnostic CDFI beyond certain time, so irradiating fetal kidney for long time should be avoided.
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