| Objective To determine apoptosis regulating gene bcl-2 and bad in malignant transformation of breast cancer and its precancerous lesions, and bcl-2 and bad correlating with estrogen receptor(ER) and progesterone receptor(PR), with lymph nodes metastasis of breast cancer. Methods By immunohistochemical method, the expression of bcl-2 and bad gene were observed in 8 cases of normal breast tissues 19 cases of breast hyerplasia, 20 cases of breast atypical, 48 cases of breast cancer in situs ,and test the expression of ER , PR and bcl-2 , bad in the breast cancer, Eight normal breast tissues were used control. Results The bcl-2 gene was 1 00% positive expression in the 8 cases of normal breast tissues and 19 cases of hypreplasia. A statistically signification was found between positive rate 58.33% of bcl-2 in breast cancer and 85.0% of atypical (X2=3.37 P<0.05 ). The positive rate of bad oncoprotein is of lower tendency than bcl-2 of every group: 87.5% in normal, 84.2% in hyperplasia, 55.0% in atypical, 47.9% in breast cancer, respectively. There was significant difference between positive rate of bcl-2 and bad in each group. (X2=23.05 P<0.001, X2=11.29 P<0.01 ). In the breast cancer group the positive rate of bcl-2 and bad oncoprotein is decreasing with the lowing degree of differentiation of tumor. The positive rate of ER and PR has positive relation with the expression of bcl-2 and bad. Conclusion bcl-2 and bad oncoprotein plays an important role of breast cancer in growth and development,may have the relationship with apoptosis regulating of breast cancer, and have close relation to regulation of estrogen. Expression of bcl-2 correlates with the lymph nodes matastasis.
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