| Objective To study the ischemical model of PC 12 cell lines and the expression ofapoptosis-related protein BCL-2, BAX. Caspase-3 which were influenced by ginsenoside Rg2 and to explore the mechanism of ginsenoside Rg2 on the ischemical model of PC 12 cell lines as well. Ischemic cerebral disease has already become a disease endangering the health and life quality of the aged seriously with the severity of aging population. Therefore, studying the mechanism, preventive and curative measurements has great significance. Many previous researches have shown that free radicals, excitatory amino acid, calcium overload and apoptosis occupy the important status among the mechanism of cerebral ischemia. The probability of apoptosis plays an important role in the development and prognosis of ischemic cerebral diseases. Apoptosis is an indevelopment course of cell death which is controlled by genes. The genes can be divided into two categories according to their functions, one is induced genes, the other is inhibitory gene. Bcl-2 belongs to the former, while bax belongs to the latter.Methods Ischemical model was induced by incubating PC 12 cells with sodiumdihionite and Earle's solution of glucose-free for 12 hours, then with DMEM of serum-free for 24 houisto simulate ischemical injury. Add different dosage of ginsenoside Rg2 to PC 12 cells at the same time of injuring, and contrast with Nim treated group and solvent group.Measure MTT reduction ability and membrane fluidity of PC 12 cells, activity of LDH and the content of MDA, NO in the superior schedul with biochemical techniques; utilize agarose gel electrophoresis to detect DNA fragment, immunocytochemical techniques to check the expression of Glutamate, Calpain, Caspase-3, apoptosis related gene protein BCL-2 and BAX in PC 12 cells.Results The OD value of MTT reduction assay of PC 12 cells in the model group decreased, the activity of LDH and the content of MDA, NO in the superiorschedul increased, the membrane fluidity decreased, the expression of Glutamate, Calpain, Caspase-3, BAX in PC 12 cells increased, that of BCL-2 decreased; comparing with the normal group the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05). The OD value of MTT reduction assay of PC 12 cells in the Rg2 treated group increased, the activity of LDH and the content of MDA. NO in the superior schedul decreased, the membrane fluidity increased, the expression of Glutamate, Calpain, caspase-3, apoptosis related gene protein BAX in PC 12 cells decreased, that of BCL-2 increased; comparing with the model group the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05). The DNA ladder was detected in model group, while in low and median dosage group the ladder was not as clear as in the model group. The ladder wasn't detected in the high dosage group. Besides, the protective effect of high dosage(0.4mmol/L) is superior than that of low dosage(0.1mmol/L), median dosage treated group(0.2mmol/L)and the effect takes on dosage dependency.Conclusions After injured by simulated ischimia, the reduction ability of MTT,the membrane fluidity decreased, the release of glutamate increased, the influx of calcium, the product of NO and other free radicals and the ratio of apoptosis related gene bcl-2/bax decreased, then caspase-3 was more activated, apoptosis occurred. Ginsenoside Rg2 can increase the metabolism rate and membrane fluidity of ischemical PC 12 cells, inhibit the incidence of apoptosis by reducing the release of glutamate, the influx of calcium ion, the toxicity of NO and other free radicals and modulate the expression of relating genes.
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