| Objective: The changes of the concentrations of serum hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) and leptin were measured by ELISA in the subjects of different phases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal control. The levels of fast blood glucose(FBG), blood triglyceride(Tri), blood total cholesterol(Cho), fast blood insulin(FINS) and 24 hours urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER) et al were also examined. Comparing with these parameters between the two groups and among the different phases, we can conclude the existence of insulin resistance and diabetic nephropathy(DN). Furthermore, the glomerular changes in different phases were observed morphologically to document the degrees of diabebic nephropathy. The changes of serum levels of HGF and leptin under different degrees of DN determined role of the two factors in the progression of DN. The experiment may be valuable to provide a new method to diagnose early and therapy effectively DN.Methods: Seventy Wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups. There were thirty in normal control group(NC) and forty in diabetes mellitus group(DM). The subjects in DM group were injected intraperitoneally with low dose streptozotocin(STZ, 30mg/kg) after high calorie diet given for two months, while the ones in NC group were injected intraperitoneally with the similar dose of citrate buffer. One month, two months, three months and six months after administration and before administration, there were six rats in both groups respectively killed. The blood samples were obtained to measure the levels of HGF, leptin, FINS, Cho, Tri, et al. The kidney samples were used to analyse morphologically. We compare these data between the two groups and among the different stages with factorial designed analysis of variance and use partial correlation to reveal the role of HGF and leptin in the pathogenesy of DN. Results:1.There was a difference in the level of fast blood glucose between NC and DM group after high calorie diet given for two months(P<0.01). The difference was significant after injected intraperitoneally with STZ and the level of FBG was increasing with the progression of DM, then sustained at the level of 16.5-16.8mmol/L. In addition, there were a significant difference in the levels of triglyceride and cholesterol between the two groups at every stages(P<0.01). These changes are similar to type 2 diabetes mellitus.2.Compared with NC, there were significant differences in the level of FINS and insulin resistance index after high calorie diet given for two months (P<0.01). The differences between the two groups had existed for the whole course of the experiment. The phenomena are also similar to type 2 diabetes mellitus.3.After administrated with STZ two months later, the UAER was higher than NC (P<0.01). Six months later, it decreased but was still higher than NC(P<0.01). 4.Compared with NC, volume of glomerule of DM group was bigger than NC at month one after injected with STZ(P<0.01). The difference was more significant at month two. However, the volume of glomerule of DM group was smaller than NC at month three and month six(P<0.01). GBMT was thicker than NC at month three and month six (P<0.01).5.The level of HGF of DM group was much higher than NC. It increased gradually after injected with STZ and was at the highest level at month two. Then it decreased gradually. Meanwhile, the level of leptin was much higher than NC after high calorie diet given for two months(P<0.01), but decreased after injected with STZ, then it increased continually during the whole experiment.Conclusion: 1.Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance were presence in the rats after high calorie diet given for two months. Then the rats were given low dose STZ to destroy some beta cells. This model closely mimics the features of human type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2.Observed pathologically, the volume of glomerule was bigger than NC at month one after injected with STZ and GBMT was far thicker three months later. UAER was significantly higher at month two after administration. All of these dem... |
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