The Preliminary Researchs On The Effects Of Nanoparticles On Immunocytes

Cellular immunity is the main mode of antitumor in body. Cellular immunity is taken charge by Th1 cells and its cytokines. But during the tumor growing, tumor cells restrain the function of specific T cells directly or indirectly, and make the function of Th1 cells lower. So, in order to get the effect of antitumor, activating Th1 cells is an important way. How to enhance the produce of Th1 cell immunity cytokines is the key to tumor biology treatment. The long time experiment and clinic observing show that abrasive granules can activate macrophage producing cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αetc, and the abrasive granules' size is 0.5-300μm .Now in immunity formulation, nano formulation –antigen complex can make cell produce immunity active well. Maybe particles diameter is the reason that cell excrete different cytokines, If we use nontoxic and decomposed nano particles stimulate immunity cells producing Th1 cytokines, which can be good to the immune treatment of tumor cells.Objective: discussing whether decomposed and undecomposed nano particles can stimulate Balb/C mouse spleen cells and monocyte from human peripheral blood multiplication or excrete IL-2 and IFN-α. Materials and method: 5×106 Balb/C mouse spleen culture fluid is made of little cow 10% blood serum and IMDM culture fluid. 1×106 /ml human monocyte culture fluid is acquired by Ficoll delamination acentric method from young and healthy women peripheral blood. We mix about 100nm, 200nm polystyrene particles or about 200 nm SiO2 particles or 50 nm chitosan or 100nm particles with Balb/C mouse spleen culture fluid or human peripheral blood under 37℃ ,5%CO2saturation, incubate 24 hours,48 hours. After 24 hours, we use CTLL-2 cell or cell pathological change method examine the IL-2 or IFN-α.After 48 hours, we use MTT or 3H-TdR methods examine the promotion of mouse spleen cells or human monocytes by nano particles.Result: When 200nm polystyrene particles in concentration 40.625-325μg/ml, 100nm polystyrene particles in concentration 40.625-162.5μg/ml, there is a promotion to mouse spleen cell or human peripheral blood (P<0.05), and at 162.5μg/ml, 81.25μg/ml, the promotion is the maximum (P<0.01). At the same time, it produce IL-2 and IFN-α,the same degree with the cell multiplication. When 50nm chitosan particles at 1.25-40μg/ml, 100nm chitosan particles at 1.25-20μg/ml, there is a promotion to mouse spleen cells or human peripheral blood monocytes (P<0.05), and at 2.5μg/ml, the promotion is the maximum (P<0.01). At the same time, it produce IL-2 and IFN-α,the same degree with the cell multiplication. There is no promotion at any concentration of SiO2 to mouse spleen cells.Conclusion: Nano particles can produce promotion to mouse spleen cell or human peripheral blood; Nano particles can stimulate human peripheral blood monocytes producing IL-2 and IFN-α.Nano particles can stimulate immune cells, activating Th1 cells immunity. These will be important to antitumor.