The Change Of IL-18 And IL-13 Levels In Serum And CSF Of Patients With Guillain-Barré Syndrome And Their Clinical Significance

Guillain-Barr syndrome(GBS),is also called acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy(AIDP).It is a peripheral nerve demyelinating disease mediated by both cellular immunity and humoral immunity.It is proved by many investigations that inflammatory factors make a significant role in mechanism of myelinoclasis. Cytokine is divided into two parts .One part is preinflammation cytokine, which is mainly secreted by Th1 cells and includes TNF, INF-, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12 and so on. The other part is anti-inflammatory cytokine which includes TGF-, IL-4, IL-10 and so on and is significant of terminating pathological immunologic reaction and recovery. The new found cytokines IL-18 , EL-13 are more and more regarded as significance of immuno-mediation and immuno-injury. IL-18 is mainly produced by monocyte-macrophage, its biological activity is similar to IL-12 and structure is similar to IL-1 family. IL-18 have a lot of biological function, which can accelerate producing many preinflammation cytokine and cytotoxic factor and performs many functions of immuno-mediation, antitumor and relates to occurrence of autoimmune diseases. IL-13 is mainly secreted by activated Th2 cells, it can suppress the produce of preinflammation cytokine and chemokine, induce IL-lra,amplify B lymphocyte, produce IgE, induce ICAM, prevent inflammation cascade reaction and alleviate inflammatory injury.So far, the investigation of IL-18 , IL-13 in GBS is not reported in country. In our study, the IL-18 and IL-13 levels in GBS serum and CSF were determined by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) method for exploring the change and function of them in GBS pathogenesis. Materials and Methodsl.GBS acute serum group(AS):36 cases,20 males, 16 females, age 3-51, average 26.50. Draw blood time:3~14d. 2.GBS recovery serum group(RS): 31 cases,19 males,12 females, age 3-51, average 26.84. Draw blood time:15~28d. 3.GBS acute CSF group(AC): 28 cases,17 males,ll females, age 3-51, average 27.11. Draw blood time:7~14d. 4.normal serum group(NS): 23cases,13 males,10 females, age 8-46, average 22.26. 5.normal CSF group(NC) : 1 9cases,9 males, 1 0 females, age 1 6-44, average 25 .44 .The collected serum and CSF were put in eppendorf tube and placed in -70癈 refrigerator. The serum and CSF IL-18 and IL-13 levels were determined by ELISA method. Results1. The AS IL-18 level is significantly higher than RS and NS(both P<0.01).RS EL-18 level decreased but is still higher than NS^O.Ol). The AC IL-18 level is significantly higher than NC(P<0.01).2. The AS IL-13 level is significantly higher than RS and NS(both P<0.01).RS IL-13 level decreased but is still higher than NS(P<0.01). The AC IL-13 level is significantly higher than NC(P<0.01).3. The serious group IL-18 level of AS and AC is significantly higher than the mild group(P<0.05,P<0.01). The serious group IL-13 level of AS is also significantly higher than the mild group(P<0.05), while the serious group IL-13 level of AC is not significantly different from mild group(P>0.05).4. There is no correlation of IL-18 and IL-13 in AS, RS and AC(P>0.05).Conclusion1. The IL-18 and IL-13 levels in serum and CSF of GBS patients increased significantly. They are related to the pathogenesis of GBS.2. The IL-18 and IL-13 levels in GBS patients correlate with disease severity positively.3 . This study provides evidence on immune therapy of GBS and contributes to findingout the pathogenesis of GBS.