| Objective: bone removal is widely used in oral and maxillofacial surgery, which mean being selected will affect the result directly. For this reason, the key of alveolar surgery is to select the right mean of bone removal. Researches of bone removal in extraction of impacted teeth and dental implant are very widely in the world. Air turbine handpieces are often used in extraction of impacted teeth in overseas. There are also many reports about this, but in recent years negative reports are increasing. Researches of surgical turbine in dental implant are detailed in our country, surgical turbines are taking the place of chisels and air turbine handpieces. But most reports are limited in clinic. Someone removed bone by surgical turbine at the speed from 100rpm to 10,000rpm and researched the bone in histology, another observed the reaction of bone in different period after bones being hurt by air turbine handpiece, chisel and surgical turbine. But results of those are different, the research of ultrastructure in bone has not been reported the purpose of this test is to research the reaction of rat's mandibular bone in histology and ultrastructure in different periods after being hurt by air turbine handpiece, chisel and surgical turbine at different speed find a safety mean in bone removal for clinic, adapting to Surgery of alveolar bone, beings easy in use, less hurting and faster recovery.Methods: 150 healthy female SD rats with their body weight 250g were randomly divided into 5 groups, each of 30. Group1, rats' right mandibular bones were drilled intermittently by surgical turbine without irrigation at a speed of 3,000rpm (every time lasts 5s, interval was about 1s), the hole in bones was about 4×2×2mm. Group2, rats' right mandibular bones were drilled intermittently by surgical turbine with irrigation (saline, room temperature) at a speed of 3,000 rpm, the hole in bones was about 4×2×2mm. Group3, rats' right mandibular bones were drilled intermittently by surgical turbine with irrigation at a speed of 30,000 rpm, the hole in bones was about 4×2×2mm. Group4, rats' right mandibular bones were drilled by air turbine handpiece with irrigation (filtering water, room temperate) at a speed of 300,000rpm, the hole in bones is about 4×2×2mm. Group5, rats' border of right mandibular bones were bited by bone rongeur, range was about 4×2×2mm, observated the reaction of bones by eye, 6 rats were put to death at once in every group, cut down hurted bones (diameter , 4mm) and put into 10% formalin (observed in histology) or 2.5% glutaral (observed by scanning electron microscope), then observed reactions of bones in histology and ultrastructure. Others wounds were sutured and put to death in 1rt, 2nd, 4th, 8th week and used the same spot to observe in histology, in 4th week samples also were observed by scanning electron microscope. Contents of observation included reactions in bones' surface, level of tissue repair in different periods. Results: there were a lot of debris and fissures were found in the surface after bones being drilled by surgical turbine without irrigation at a speed of 3,000rpm, those were the most serious in 5 groups, tissue repair was also slow. In the bone rongeur group, bones' borders were irregular, there were wide fissures in bones' surfaces, tissue repair was slow. The effect of tissue repair was the worst in these two groups. In surgical turbine with irrigation at a speed of 30,000 rpm group, bones' borders were neat, there were a little of debris and tiny fissures, the effect of tissue repair are between surgical turbine without irrigation at a speed of 3,000 rpm group to surgical turbine with irrigation at a speed of 3,000 rpm group. In air turbine handpiece group, bones' borders were not neat, had a little debris, there were lots of widely fissures on surfaces, the effect of tissue repair were similar to surgical turbine with irrigation at a speed of 30,000 rpm group. In surgical turbine with irrigation at a speed of 3,000 rpm group, bones' borders were... |
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