The Expression Of S-100 And CD83 In Tissues Of Thyroid Diseases

With the advance of inmmnology, we came to know that the human immune system has the capability to recognize, process, present and destroy antigens, The Immune system also plays a key role in the onset and development of antoimmune thyroid diseases(AITD). Dendritic cells(DC) are the most potent antigen presenting cells(APC) and are able of inducing primary immune responses both in vitro and in vito, DC possess the capability to capture ,process and present self-antigen and induce antoimmune diseases. T cell-mediated antoimmunity is the result of inappropriate self-antigen presentation ,self antigen that has entered the endocytic pathway of the APC is processed there and generally presented by MHC- II molecules to T-cells. DC are specialized APC which are able to present antigen to naive and quiescent T-cells and consequently play a control role not only in initiation but also in the maintenance of AITD. Mature DC ( CD83+) can effectively stimulate B-cells which can be motivated and differentiated and then produce antibodies, and then the antibodies can induce inflammatory reaction of the thyroid tissue and destroy it. DC also have the ability to produce chemokines which can attract lymphocytes and monocytes to inflammatory tissue.In this study we try to use immunohistochemistry method to observe the expression of S-100 and CD83 in thyroid disease tissues,to get some information about the function of dendritic cells in the thyroid diseases.Methods: Thyroid diseases tissue specimens were obtained during operation .All parients administrated the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College,Shantou,China between 2001 and 2002.All samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin,and cut into Sum section .100 patients with thyroid disease (aged 16-76 yr)(20 with adenoma ,20 non-toxic goiter,20 hashimoto thyroiditis,20 graves' Disease and 20 carcinoma.)were diagnosed by clinical criteria and confirmed by appropriate histological findings(hematoxylin and eosin staining).We took specimens from thyroid disease tissues. Tissues from thyroid adenoma and it's surround area act as control tissues,Immunohistochemical staining was performed.To detect S-100 , we using the SP method.To detect CD83,we usingAKP method.Result: Compared with controlled groups, the positive expession of S-100 in hashimoto thyroiditis> graves Disease and thyroid carcinoma was elevated with (139.38 + 5.92 VS 59.47 11.69,P< 0.001) > (119.42+14.48 VS 59.47+11.69,P< 0.001)and (147.53+4.67 VS 59.47+11.69, P< 0.001) respectively. Positive expession of CD83 in Hashimoto Thyroiditis> Graves Disease was also increased with (22.58 + 13.96 VS 5.19?.08,P< 0.001) and (29.92 + 14.43 VS 5.19 + 8.08,P <0.001) respectively.But no CD83 expression in carcinoma tissues.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that hyper function and increased number of DC were related with hashimoto thyroiditis and graves Disease, while impaired function and decreased number of mature DC maybe the important immune mechanism of thyroid carcinoma.