Study Of Alterations Of The Structure And Function Of Carotid Artery And Cerebrovascular Reactivity In Cerebral Infarction

Part IHigh-frequency Ultrasound Evaluation of Alterations of the Structure andFunction of Carotid Artery in Cerebral InfarctionObjective: To explore the alterations of the structure and function of carotid artery in patients with cerebral infarction by high-frequency ultrasound. Methods:The carotid arteries of both forty-six patients with cerebral infarction and forty subjects with control group were examined with high- frequency ultrasound. 2-dimentional ultrasound was used to observe the intima-media thickness(IMT), the echo and number of plaques. M-mode ultrasound was used to record the movement extent change between systolic and diastolic period of anterior and posterior wall of common carotid artery, measuring the diameter of systolic and diastolic period, calculating the cross-sectional area (IMSCA), stiffness index, distensibility and compliance. Results: The maximum IMT and mean IMT, IMSCA, systolic diameter(Ds) and diastolic diameter(Dd) were larger in the cerebral infarction group than the control (P< 0.05). The number of plaques and the checking rate of lower-echo plaqueswere higher in the cerebral infarction group (P<0.05). There were higher stiffness index, lower distensibility and compliance in cerebral infarction group(P<0.05). IMSCA, stiffens sindex, distensibility and compliance were correlated to pulse pressure(PP), not to systolic pressure(Ps), diastolic pressure(Pd) and mean blood pressure(MBP). Conclusions: High- frequency ultrasound is a convenient and effective method to evaluate carotid artery atheroscleosis. IMT combined with stiffness index, distensibility and compliance can provide the characters of structure and function changes of carotid artey.Part IITranscranial Color Doppler Evaluation of Alterations of the Hemodynamics of Middle Cerebral Artery and Basilar Artery in Healthy Adults with Breathing-holding TestObjective: To explore the alterations of hemodynamics of middle cerebral artery(MCA) and basilar artery(BA) in healthy adults after breath-holiding test. Methods: Forty-five healthy adults were included in this study. After the subjects were routinely examined by transcranial color Doppler (TCCD), the breathing-holding test was performed and Doppler spectrums were recorded. The hemodynamics parameters of MCA and BA were measured before and after breathing- holding test. And breathing-holding index (BHI) was caculated. Results: (1)There was no significant difference of breath-holding time and BHI between male and female groups. BHI was negatively correlated to age(r=0.30). (2)The hemodynamics parameters of MCA and BA including systolic peak velocity (Vmax), end diastolic velocity(Vmin), mean velocity(Vmean),time-velocity integrity(VTI), Doppler spectrum accelerating time(AT) significantly increased,...