| PrefaceAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) is a group of syndrome of Children's behavior, emotion and cognition disorders. Domestic incidence differs from international. Domestic incidence is 1.3% -- 13. 4% , while it is 4% -12% abroad. Because people differ in the cause of disease, main symptoms and treatment, this disease has been renamed more than 20 times. It is known by now that hyperactivity and aprosexia are two main symptoms of the disease. It can be divided into three subtypes, i, e. predominately inattentive type, hyperactive/impulsive type and combined type. The disease tends to happen to the children of school age, with absent mind or bad school grades to see a doctor. They can get relatively satisfied results through correct treatment and behavior guide. If diagnosis and treatment are not in time, they will develop a tendency to play truant or to commit a crime. But its clinical diagnosis is mainly based on the medical history, clinical manifestation, physical examination and psychological test form offered mainly by the parents and teachers of the children, it lacks a reliable, objective diagnosis index all the time. In recent years with the development of ERP (event-related potential) , especially deepened study on P300, a new way was opened up to solve this problem. The range of application of P300 is relatively wide. All problems involving cognitive ability and cognitive activity can be studied by the new way. It is regarded as studying tools. So the research of P300 and ADHD relation has important theoretical meaning and applying val-ue, offering help for clinical diagnosis.Materials and methodsResearch objects are children of 6. 5 ~ 14 yeaxs that came to the development pediatrics of second hospital of Chinese Medical University with hyperactivity , absent minds more than nearly half a year from January, 2004 to December, 2004, according with the diagnostic standard of ADHD, 4th edition of ( DSM-IV ) 60 children are divided into two groups at random, one group consists of 30. They are treated with methylphenidate ( MPH) , as the experiment group, another group of 30 are offered placebo ( vitamin C} , as control group. Double-blind method was used to determining ERP, especially the situation of P300 wave, 90 minutes to 120 minutes after treating and before treating, according to incubation period and wave amplitude of P300 reflecting curative effect of excitability medicine MPH. Children intelligence amount form C-WCSI, WCSI of China was used to determine intelligence of case group and control group, except mental retarded children. All children are checked for sense of hearing and children with vision, except vision and sense of hearing obstacle , other nerve and mental diseases, or taking any medicine of central nervous system excitement, they areright hand favorable . Two groups curative effect comparison adopt t - test ( a = 0. 05 , two sides).ResultsFirst, general analysis. Investigation result showed the average age of the experiment group is 8. 70 ± 1. 67, the control group is 9. 15 ± 1. 79, the two groups have not statistics significance ( P >0. 05). The IQ of the experiment group is 100.97 ±6. 51, the control group is 98.23 ±7. 23, the two groups have not statistics significance ( P >0. 05). Boy and girls incidence is 2. 2: 1.Second, ERP wave forms analysis. The basic ERP wave forms of the children with ADHD include positive wave N1, N2 and negative wave P2, P3 afterstimulation. The difference between N1, N2, P2 wave did not have statistical significance before using medicine comparing two groups ( P >0.05). It showed P300 wave latent period of the experiment group was shorten and had statistical significance after using medicine ( P <0. 05) , but it didnt have statistical significance after using medicine in the control group ( P <0. 05). The difference of P300 wave latent period didnt have statistical significance between two groups (p>0.05).Third, the medical effect analysis of MPH. P300 wave latent period comeback to normal after the children with ADHD took MPH, which is considered effective. The effective rate of MPH is 77. 8% .DiscussionResearch verifies that endogenous composition of P300 of ERP can reflect the advanced function of the brain, it can be regarded as the window which can spy on the cognitive function, significant in the research of development of chil-drens psychology and relevant disease, so, it is concerned by domestic and international scholar extremely in recent years.1. P300 and ADHDP300 and ADHD relation research concentrated on incubation period of P300 and on the amplitude mainly. Some results of study showed; compared with normal children, patient"s ADHD incubation period is remarkable longer and P300 amplitude is reduced. This study showed P300 wave latent period of the children with ADHD is obviously extended through bringing out sense of hearing electric potential appearance measure every ERP waves. This is accorded with documents. Patients with ADHD had cognitive function obstacles, this text examined P300 amplitude extension, proved P300 amplitude also can reflect cognitive function obstacle of patients with ADHD. So, P300 has offered the objective basis for diagnosing ADHD.2. ADHD and MPHAt present MPH is regarded as main treating medicine of ADHD , this has been proved. Its function mechanism is to promote dopamine releasing, to re-... |
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