In Vitro Study Of Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus Effects Of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

Background and objective Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the viral agent of genital herpes(GH) in mankind worldwide. Researchs in epidemiology showed seropositive for HSV were increasing obviously in most countries in the past 20 years. GH recurrents easily,which harm the patients heavily. GH expends lots of publical health resource as well as aggravates economic burden. GH in pregnant women may cause deadly infection in new-born children and foetuses.GH also increases the fatalness of HIV-infection in AIDS era. Effective therapy and vaccines are not available at present . HSV genome is a double-stranded of DNA which genomic DNA sequences are clear now. The genome has a protein envelop as well as a lipide membrane out of it. HSV has type 1 (HSV-1)and type 2(HSV-2), whose DNA have 50% in common. The protein envelop as well as the lipide membrane of HSV could be destroyed by surfactant, which destroys the DNA of HSV. Thus HSV loses the ability of infection. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is an anionic surfactant with biologic envelop denaturing potency. SDS could dissolve the protein envelop as well as the lipide membrane of pathogen and cell. SDS is applied in light industry widely and safely, SDS is also made as microbicides in topical vaginal formulations to prevent the transmission of herpes and possibly other pathogens that cause sexually transmitted diseases,including HSV.And primary success has been reported . In this study SDS has been applyed to cell-culture system. The overall objective of this study is to lay the groundwork for treating patients with HSV infection by using SDS to target the HSV viral DNA replication in epithelial cells . Methods A monkey kidney cell line, Vero ,and a human tracheal epithelial cell line,Hep-2 were used In HSV infected cell culture system . HSV were propagated in Vero cells and Hep-2 cells was served as targets of HSV infection.SDS was used In HSV infected cell culture system. Then cytotoxicity of SDS and cytopathic effect(CPE) inhibition assay, plaque inhibition assay, and MTT assay were performed separately to detect the anti-HSV activity, protective function for HSV infected Hep-2 cells ,comparing to 0.1%Aciclovir. Results The HSV infected cell culture system we established stable for utilization: Cellular damage and abnormal growth were not found in Hep-2 cells cultured with SDS at 10%×2-3×10-1(1.25mg/ml).The Hep-2 cells mainly became swelling and falling off and few of them formed syncytium after infected by HSV. The CPE occurred time and scale of CPE depended on multiplicity of infection(MOI)of HSV.SDS inhibited HSV yield with the manner of dosage dependent. Anti-HSV activity of SDS was the same as 0.1%ACV (P>0.05). Conclusion SDS inhibited Herpes simplex virus replication and protein expression in cultured cells. Our data indicated that SDS was safty to Hep-2 cells and could be useful for the prevention against Herpes simplex virus infection.