| Objective: Histopathologic type of lung cancer is known to be correlated with tumor behavior and prognosis. However, this classification is subjective and no specific molecular markers have been identified. The aim of this study was to identify protein markers in different types of non-small cell lung cancers. Methods: Two-dimensional PAGE analysis was performed in paired samples of 3 squamous cell carcinomas, 3 adenocarcinomas, 4 large cell carcinomas, and 4 basaloid carcinomas. Results: We found that 25 proteins in 14 cases of lung cancers were differentially expressed compared to matched nontumorous lung tissues. Among these 25 proteins, 11 proteins were down-regulated and 14 were up-regulated in these 4 types of lung cancer. Alloalbumin venezia, selenium binding protein 1, carbonic dehydratase, heat shock 20KD like protein, and SM22 a protein were down-regulated in all 14 cases of lung cancer examined, whereas alpha enolase was up-regulated in all cases. Conclusion: Supervised hierarchical cluster analysis based on the 25 differentially expressed proteins showed that basaloid carcinoma formed one independent group, whereas the other 3 cancer types were not uniquely classifiable. Our findings suggest that basaloid carcinoma is a unique subtype of non-small cell lung carcinoma.
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