| BPH and Pca are common prostate diseases of old men, the occurrencefrequency of them is very different according to prostate zones. The transitionzoe and periurethral region are the exclusive sites of origin of benign prostatehyperplasia. The peripheral zone is the site of origin of most carcinomas. Inanatomic and urological fields much importance was attached to McNeal'sreport about structure and histology of prostate in 1968 . In China, little effortwas made to observe the prostate histology systemically. We have learned moreand more about PSA recently, while, there was nothing reported about PSP94expression in different prostate zones interiorly .In the test, Histologic anatomyand immunohistochemistry methods were used to study the zonal histology andthe expression of two specific secretory proteins in the prostate of youngmen.The difference of histological features and secretory proteins betweenzones were opened out for further reaearch on diagnosis and therapy of prostatediseases.1. Materials and methodsFour normal prostates were obtained from yong men who were healthy but died accidently, respectively aged 22,23,24,26. Their direct family contributed the prostate voluntarily. The prostates were taken out perfectly by the urologist from the men who died within 30 minutes . We got the prostates weights and measures before and after they were fixed with 10% formalin. Antibody ChroA, NSE,34βE12,S-100,SMA and PSA are products of Mai Xin biotechnical limited company in Fuzhou,PSP94 was presented from the prostate diseases prevention and cure research center of Ji Lin University.(1) gross anatomy and light microscopy observationThree prostates are for the sequential sections in sagittal, coronal and traverseplane and the prostatic urethra is the primary anatomic reference point. The lastone for discrete tissue slice in different anatomic zones according toMcNeal's viewpoint .Fixed by 10% formalin, dehydrated in gradedconcentrations of ethanol , embedded in paraffin, sectioned by a paraffinmicrotome , stained by hematoxylin-eosin and observed with light microscopy.(2) immunohistochemistryStreptavidin-peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemistry methods were used todetect the protein expression. During the process, preimmune serum was takenas negative contrast and the confirmed active slice was the positive one. Thework procedure strictly conforms to the references of reagents. There would bebrown-yellow granules in the cytoplasm of the positive cells, and theirpercentage and shade described the expression intensity.2. Results(1) The glandular and nonglandular components of prostate are tightlyfused together and difficult to separate.The prostatic urethra is divided intoproximal and distal segments of approximately equal length by anangulation .The base of the verumontanum protrudes from the posteriorurethral wall at the point of angulation. Most of the proximal urethra segmentand the main ducts of the prostate are lined with transitional epithelium onwhich there is a layer of columnar secretory cells. The distal urethra segmentis mainly lined with simple columnar epithelium and pseudostratified columnarepithelium. Many prostate acini directly originate at the urethra. The prostaticurethra is a part of the prostate itself.(2) Take the prostatic urethra and the ejaculatory duct as referencepoints ,the glandular components can be divided into four zones,i.e. peripheralzone,central zone,transitional zone and periurethral region. The central zone isa conical structure between the two ejaculatory ducts and bladder neck. The PZlocates posterolateral to the CZ, and enwraps the whole CZ and the rear area ofthe distal urethra that is inferior to the verumontanum. The TZ is superior tothe the verumontanum but just proximal to the point of urethral angulation.It deeply exists under the preprostatic sphincter and surrounds the proximalurethra laterally and anteriorly . (3) The thickness of the prostatic capsule is not even on the prostatesurface of different places. The prostate capsule is thick at the back and twosides,thin at the body ,weak at the base,there is no obvious capsule at thebladder neck and the place where the verumontanum links the prostate. At theprostate apex, there is a defect in the capsule anteriorly .The transverse innerlayer of smooth muscle fibers mixes together with the smooth muscle aroundthe prostate acini, there is no obvious boundary between them in gross ormicroscope observation. (4) The proatate zones differ histologicallyThe transition zone stroma is composed of compact,interlacing,smooth musclebundles.The more abundant peripheral zone stroma is loosely woven withrandomly arranged muscle bundles Glandular lobules in the central zone areseparated by bands of compact smooth muscle fibers.In central zone,secretorycells are irregularly arranged with large nuclei at different levels and granular,variably dark cytoplasm. The luminal epithelial borders of PZ and TZ tend tobe even,the secretory cells have pale cytoplasm.There are more NECs in theurethra epithelium than in PZ , less NECs distribute in CZ. (5) PSA and PSP94 are important prostate secretory proteins. Normalductal and acinous cells were granularly positive in the apical portion of theepithelium. PSP94 expression was intensive in the acini in the peripheralzone ,less intense in the transition zone, and variable in the central zone. PSAexpressions have little difference between zones.3. Conclusions(1) On different planes, there is no clear anatomic boundary between zones...
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