| Background Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a comprehensive name. It is one kind of hemorrhagic fever coming along with renal syndrome caused by many kinds of different Hantavirus (HV) carried by rats. It is the virulence hemorrhage heat, with broad distribution, higher incidence, and big hazard in the world. Therefore, it has become the global public health problem.Objective A study was conducted to describe the epidemic of HFRS in Dongli District of Tianjin from 1997 to 2005, to help develop the scientific prevention, to reduce the dissemination from the animal to the human being, to avoid the occurrences of new infectious diseases, to guarantee the social order, and to reduce economy loses coming from occurrences of new infectious diseases.Methods The descriptive statistical analysis was used to describe the status of HFRS in Dongli District of Tianjin from 1997 to 2005. Index of HV carrier, the meteorological data, area and yield of crop, and population material were tabulated by using Excel. Rank sum tests were employed to analyze the distribution of the disease and the epidemic of the disease.Results The epidemic of HFRS in Dongli District of Tianjin started from 1997, achieving its the peak in 2002 after annually increasing. And the trends started dropping down since then. There were 105 cases in total, with 4 cases died. The cases were found all over the district, including 11 towns and 70 administrative villages. The cumulative incidence rate was 2.90 / 100000, the mortality rate was 0.11/10 000, and the case fatality rate was 3.81%. The seasonal difference was found in this study. The incidences in April and May were highest, accounting for 44.76% of the total cases. The cases among 30~-year~~old group accounted for one third of the total occurrence, and the ratio of male to female was 3.57. The incidence was highest among the farmers, accounting for 26.67%, and transient population from outside areas accounted for 54.29%. There was a consistency between the index of HV carrier and the epidemic trend. The following corrections were also found in our study: the positive correction between the averagetemperature and the disease incidence rate (r,=0. 746, P=0. 021), the negative correction between the precipitation and the incidence rate (rs=—0.695, P=0.038), and the negative correction between the area of crop and the incidence rate (rs= — 0.167, P=0.532).Conclusions Dongli District of Tianjin belongs to epidemic disease area, caused by Seoulvirus (SEOV), which has Rattusnorvegicus as the primitive host. There were several reasons, which may cause this problem. They were: the transient population massively moving in since the mid of'90s, the change of the superiority rats in this area, the destruction of the habituates of the rats, the rats' migration, and the increase of the index of HV. The big scale moves of the village, the transformation project and the farmland destruction may cause more frequent activity among rats, and also increase the probability of the human being infected as well. Therefore, a long—term plan should be drawn, and the annual plan arrangement should be followed to be able to control and prevent HFRS. At the same time, we should put more effort on the surveillance of disease, grasp the epidemic tendency, and pay special attention to the environmental ecology. It is recommended that the health education be carried out and the vaccination be used in the high ~risk area and population. It is also essential to make clear about the dissemination route, and take strict precautions against HFRS to avoid its further development and the proliferation. |
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