| Fructus Akebiae is the dried mature fruit of Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne., Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. or Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. var. australis (Diels) Re hd., it was accepted in 2005 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Fructus Akebiae, bitter in flavor, cold in nature, soothe the liver to regulate qi, promoting blood circulation to arrest pain, induce diuresis, kill worms. Use for fullness and pain in the epigastrium, am enorrhea, dysmenorrhea, difficulty in micturition, snakeworm bite. There is no detected index in the identification and assaying of Fructus Akebiae in 2005 edition of Chinese Pharm acop oeia. For establishing the quality specification and ensuring the clinical medication, we did some sys tematized chemical composition research about the fruit of Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koid z. from Anhuiin province. Seven compounds were isolated and purified by recrystallization and column chromatography wi th silica gel and ODS. These compounds were separated from the 90% ethanol extract of the fru it of Akebia trifoliata and identified on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectro scopic analysis. Their structures were elucidated were elucided as hederagenin-3-O-α-L - rha mnopyranosyl- (1 →2) -α-L-arabinopyranoside. ( I ), hederagenin-3-O-α-L-ara binopyranoside ( II ), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1→2) -α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl - (→4) -β-D-glucopyranosyl- (1→6 ) -P-D-glucopyranoside (III), 3-O-α-L- arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin -28- O- glu copyranosyl- (1 →6) -β- D- glucopyranoside (IV), hederagenin -28- O- glucopyranosyl-(1→6) -β- D- glucopyranoside (V), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-a-L-arabi nopyranosyl-30- noroiean-12,20(29)-dien-28-oic acid 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1→ 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl - (1→6) -p-D- glucopyranosyl ester (VI), daucosterol(VII). Compounds IK IIL IV were isolated from Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. for the first time and compound V , VI was isolated from Akebiae plants for the first time. A stable and repeatable HPLC method was established for the content of Saponins P_d in Fructus Akebiae for the first time. The average recovery and RSD were 100.02% and 2.24 %, respectively. 10 Samples, collected from different growing areas, were determined and the contents of Saponins P_d in the fruits of Akebia trifoliata, A. trifoliata var. australis and A. quinata.were fluctuated from 0.02% to 3.35%. Therefore, the quality requirement of Fructus Akebiae was suggested to add that the contents of Saponins P_d should be not less than 0.5% in pharmacopoeia. A HPLC method was established for Saponin P_k in Fructus Akebiae for the first time and15 crude drug materials were determined from the fruit, collected from different growing areas. As a result, the contents of Saponin Picin the samples from the fruit of Akebia trifoliata, A. trifoliata var. australis and A. quinata. were different, varied over the range of 0.04~2.04 %, it maybe correlated with growing areas , acquisition time, deposited time and medical material confusion. Saponin Pk is the prodrug of Saponin Pd? Therefore, the quality requirement of Fructus Akebiae was suggested that the contents of Saponins Pk should be added too.A HPLC method was established for the fingerprint of Akebia tr Akebia trifoliata, A. trifoliata var. australis and A. quinata ifoliata for the first time and 18 crude drug materials, collected from different growing areas, were analyzed. The chemical constituent in the fruits of Akebia trifoliata, A. trifoliata var. australis and A. quinata were different. The investigation showed that the phenylethanoid glycosides and the triterpenoid saponins were common in the MeOH extracts of the fruits of Akebia trifoliata, A. trifoliata var. australis and A. quinata.The differences was part of the triterpenoid saponins,which should be studyed in the future.In addition, Fructus Akebiae was investigated referring to the qualitive TLC examination, moisture content, ash content, as well as the analysis for pesticide residue and heavy metals. So the quality requirement of Fructus Akebiae was suggested to add that the contents of water should be not less than 9.0 % and the ash content should be not less than 6.0 % in pharmacopoeia.
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