| Background: Southeast inshore areas beyond Yangtze River were tropic climate, for example, Chekiang, Fujiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan and south part of Jiangsu, south part of Yunnan including valleys of southwest part of Yunnan which altitude are under 1500 meter. Body function can be impaired significantly character by high infection rate of trauma and severe intensity of stress stimulate in this special environment. Cure and nursing of war trauma in hot and humid environment is becoming important mission of medical service for our army recently, along with movement of current international situation and transfer of stratagem pivot of our army. Furthermore, Guangdong province where we are located in has typically tropical climate with hot and humid long summer which average air temperature is 28 ℃, highest air temperature is 38℃~41℃ and relative humidity could reach to 85%~98%, especially in islands of Hainan. And that is an economically prosperous area with many worksite injuries and traffic accidents. Therefore, there has magnitude military and socially value to enhance rescue and nursing technique research involved in hot and humid environment. Hot and humid stresses not only increase body metabolic consumption which inducing micro environmental turbulence in body, but also depress protective stress and counteract capability of body after trauma, and thenmake state of trauma more severe and complex. Otherwise, circulation capacity is insufficiency for body fluid losing and bleeding caused by hyperthermia combined with trauma, and fluid complementarities and cooling therapy should be taken to alleviate these detrimental effects and satisfy important viscera's circulation perfusion. Intravenous hypothermic normal saline solution therapy is supposed to be effective > sensitive and convenient measure to deal with the problem. To be an extended treatment of hypothermia, Intravenous hypothermic therapy has achieved a little research progress in animal experiment, but research about intravenous hypothermic therapy applied in therapeutic domain of hot and humid stress combined trauma hasn't been reported yet. According to supposed side effects of intravenous hypothermic therapy and actual requires of tropic environment trauma medical issues, the animal experiment was designed to investigate the effects of intravenous hypothermic therapy on the vital signs^ blood coagulative function> release of serum tissue enzymes and lipid peroxidation of rabbit models of acute heat exposure combined trauma respectively. Cooling effect, security and protective effect were evaluated consequently.Objective: To investigate the effects of intravenous hypothermic normal saline solution on whole physiological responses > haemostatic and coagulative variations > release of serum tissue enzymes and lipid peroxidation of rabbit models of acute heat exposure combined trauma respectively. Cooling effect, security and protective function were estimated consequently aiming to provide a more effective and sensitive, pertinent and convenient cooling and early stage rescue measure to trauma under hot and humid environment.Methods: The experimental rabbits (n=24) were divided into 4 groups. Each group (n=6) exposed to hot and humid condition, (Td)(37±0.5)°C, (RH)(65±5)%, for 120 minutes. Normal saline solution group(HNN): fluid temperature (23±1)°C. Trauma & hypothermic normal saline solution group(HTB): right crutal smashing fracture, fluidtemperature (4±1)°C. Trauma & normal saline solution group(HTN): right crutal smashing fracture, fluid temperature (23±1)°C. Hypothermic normal saline solution group(HBN): fluid temperature (4±1)°C. The rectal temperature (Tr), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and respiration frequency (RF) were record by the biological recorder every 10 min consecutively. Phlebotomized samples at 0> 30> 60^ 90 > 120 min during the experiment were used to study the changes of Alkaline phosphatase (ALP^ Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)> Creatine kinase (CK)> prothrombin time (PT)> activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)> thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen (Fbg)> Superoxide dismutase (SOD)> Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the plasma.Results: (1) Tr raised directly in all groups at 10~60 min after hot exposed, but began to drop at from 70 to 120 min in Group HTB and HBN, and there are significant difference between hypothermic normal saline solution groups and normal saline solution groups (p<0.0l). (2) HR and RF raised significantly in all groups at 10~60 min after hot exposed (p<0.00l), but began to drop at 70 min in Group HTB and HBN, and there are significant difference between hypothermic normal saline solution groups and normal saline solution groups (p<0.05). (3)MAP showed a decline tendency in all groups at 10~60 min after hot exposed, and ascending gradually at 70 min, but there was no significant difference in all groups(￡>>0.05). (4) After hot exposed, APTT\ PT and TT were shorted, Fbg were increasing in all groups. And after transfusion, APTT> PT and TT began to increase, Fbg began to decrease in all groups. There were significant difference between trauma groups and non-trauma groups (p<0.05). But, there were no significant differences among the all groups. (5) After trauma and hot exposed, the release of serum tissue enzymes tended to grow up. But the increasing of the content of ALP in all groups has no significant difference (p>0.05). (6) The content of LDH> CK increased significantly in all groups, and the content of LDH and CK in trauma groups were higher than non-trauma groups (p<0.05), Changes of the content ofLDH and CK in each time point were quite different with which in others (p<0.05). Extent of changes of the content of CK was larger than that of LDH and ALP, and there were peak values of content of CK in 30 min and 120 min respectively. The contents of LDH and CK began to drop at 70 min in Group HBN, and the increase trend of the contents of LDH and CK in Group HTB became slow down at 70 min, and the changes has significant difference with which in other time points (p<0.05). There were significant difference between hypothermic normal saline solution groups and normal saline solution groups. (7) The content of MDA and SOD increased significantly after hot exposed in Group HTB and HTN at 10—60 min after hot exposed, and the contents of MDA began to drop at 70 min in Group HTB, but the content of SOD keep increasing continually. Changes of the contents of MDA and SOD in Group HTN were in opposition to Group HTB. There was significant difference between the two groups (p<0.0l).Conclusions: (1) Without reference to trauma, Tr> HRn RF raised gradually and significantly in all groups accompany with MAP decline tendency after hot exposed. (2)Intravenous hypothermic therapy make it possible that core heat of body convect> eradiate and conduct by arterial-venous difference in temperature. Tr> HR and RF of wounded rabbits under hot and humid environment were well controlled by Intravenous hypothermic therapy. The therapy can prevent detrimental progresses of heat stress, which were caused by heat stress and trauma complex factors, and avoid irreversible detriment on vital organs aroused by excessive high temperature. (3) Hot exposure and trauma can make APTT> PT and TT short, Fbg increasing for the reasons of blood concentration and haemostatic and coagulative access activation. (4)Intravenous hypothermic therapy could ameliorate high blood coagulative state caused by high body temperature and dehydration. (5)Intravenous hypothermic normal saline solution transfusion has no adverse impact on haemostatic andcoagulative function; arrhythmia and chill also have not been detected. According to the results, intravenous hypothermic normal saline solution transfusion can be considered safety and feasible. (6) Hot and humid environment and trauma can induce the increase of the contents of serum enzymes respectively, and the compounded function of hot and humid environment and trauma is more serious than of each single factor on contents of serum enzymes. (7)Intravenous hypothermic normal saline solution transfusion can stabilize cell membrane, reduce serum enzymes release to blood, alleviate the hurt arose by the acute stress response and trauma effectively. (8) Heat stress and trauma can stimulate lipid peroxidation, aggravating body oxidation damnification. (9) Intravenous hypothermic normal saline solution transfusion can alleviate the impacts and damages arose by the acute stress response and enhancing acclimates to the stress.
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