| Objective: To differentiate subtypes of renal cell carcinoma using multi-slice computed tomography (CT)and improve the level of diagnosis and differentiation of renal benign mass with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), so as to lower the misdiagnosis rate. Materials and Methods: The study was divided into parts: part one, the CT images of 52 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were reviewed and three subtypes of renal cell carcinoma were diagnosed by pathology, including clear cell RCC, papillary RCC and chromophobe RCC; part two, the CT features of RCC in 52 cases and benign mass in 9 cases were compared. Results: The degree of enhancement and enhancement patterns was significantly different among the 3 subtypes in the corticomedullary, parenchymal and excretory phases (P<0.05). The CT features of RCC in 52 cases and benign mass in 9 cases were different. Conclusion: To differentiate the subtypes of renal cell carcinoma, the degree of enhancement is the most valuable parameter. Puncture biopsy before operation and frozen pathological section during operation for cases of atypical imagine features of benign renal masses could avoid misdiagnosis and resection of kidney.
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