Prevalence Of Concurrent Esophageal And Gastric Cardia Cancers And Precancerous Lesions From The Same Patient At High-incidence Area In Henan And Alternations Of P16 And P21～(WAF1) In These Cancers

BackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) are the most common malignant diseases in Linzhou, Henan province, and remain the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in these areas. SCC seems to occur together with GCA, which could be observed in other counties over the world. It is noteworthy that primary concurrent cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia from the same patient (CC) is not uncommon in this area. However, the difference in reported incidence from the literature for CC could be up to 5-6 folds (0.4-2.5%). The possible reasons are: the study scale is too small, most of the related studies are case report; and most of the CC patients are diagnosed after operation, because of the similar clinical symptoms, the second malignant tumor is usually neglected. Another possible reason is technique problem, i.e. after identifying the esophageal cancer, endoscope could not reach gastric cardia, and therefore, the CC patients who could...