The Evaluation Of Clinical Application On Determination Of Adenosine Deaminase

Background: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an important enzyme of purine nucleotides catabolism. It specially catalyzes the unreversible deamination of adenine nucleoside to inosine. The inosine is then oxidized to uric acid. ADA lies mostly in lymphocytes and is associated with immuno function of body. At present, it is mostly used as a marker of diagnosis, differential diagnosis of diseases which are associated with cell damage and cell immuno function.In recent years, many studies indicated that measurement of the serum/plasma, pleural effusion, ascites and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ADA had proved very useful in the early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, therapy, prognosis and mechanism of some diseases. Some researches pointed that the mechanism of elevated ADA activity level in the serum of patients with hepatitis is associated with the phagocytosis enhancement of mononuclear-macrophage in body. In addition, it has important clinical significance on determination of acute liver damage and remnant pathological changes of liver, differential diagnosis of chronic hepatitis and jaundice, and prognosis of liver cirrhosis to determinate the serum ADA activity level. Many findings reported that the determination of the pleural fluid and ascites ADA combined with other markers played an important role in the differential diagnosis of tuberculous and malignant effusion. At the same time, it has important clinical value in the differential diagnosis of tuberculous and viral meningitis to measure the CSF ADA activity. The serum ADA activity level elevates in patients with typhoid fever possibly because of the phagocytosis enhancement of mononuclear-macrophage in body caused by salmonella typhi. The difference between typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever is that the pathogenic bacteria are different and the symptom of typhoid fever is more severe than paratyphoid. It is reasonable to infer that the serum ADA activity in patients with paratyphoid will rise too. In order to improve the level of early diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of paratyphoid, it has important significance to dynamically monitor the serum ADA...