| Objective: To observe the preventive effects of radix salvia miltiorrhiza on abnormal metabolism and fat distribution in alimentary obesity in rats and explore its possible mechanisms.Methods: 50 weaning male SD rats were divided into 4 groups, including model group (group A, 13 rats), low dose group (group B, 13 tats), high dose group (group C, 13 rats), and control group (group D, 11rats). The obesity model was induced by feeding high-fat diet and giving sucrose solution in group A, B and C. The rats in group D were feeded normal feed. The dose of sucrose was 2g/kg·bw/d. And 8g/kg·bw/d, 16g/kg·bw/d of radix salvia miltiorrhiza were given in group B and C respectively. The body weights (BW) of all rats were measured every week for 12 weeks, and the blood pressure (BP), fasting insulin (INS), free fatty acid (FFA), tolal anti-oxidation ability (TAO) in serum, OGTT 2 hours blood glucose (2hBG) were detected at the end of sixth week. The parameters detected at the end of the experiment were the body length (BL), blood uria nitrogen (BUN), serum haptoglobin (SHG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and testrone (T), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), C-reactive protein (CRP) andα1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in serum. The mass of adipose tissue around the testis (MFT) was measured. The pathological changes of pancreas and liver tissue were observed. The apoptosis of pancreas cells were examined using TUNEL method. Lees index (Lees), homeostasis model insulin resistance index (H-IR), homeostasis modelβ-cell function index (HBCI), and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were calculated.Results: The experimental results indicated that the BW and Lees of rats in group A, B, and C group were significantly higher than that in group D at the end of the experiment (P<0.001). The MFT of rats in group D was the lowest among all groups, and the MFT of rats in group B was higher than that in group D, but there was no significent difference between group C and group D. The 2hBG of rats in group C was lower than those of rats in group A and B (P<0.001), and was similar to that in group D (normal control). There was significant difference in INS between the samples collected at the end of the sixth week and 12th week in group C (P<0.05). The contents of TG, TC, and LDL-C in serum of group D were significantly lower than those of group A, B, and C at the end of the experiment (TG:P<0.01; TC:P<0.05; LDL-C:P<0.001). The mean level of FFA in serum of rats in group C at the end of sixth week was lower than those in group A and D (P<0.05). At the end of the experiment, the mean level of FFA of rats in group C was lower than those in group A and B (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between group C and D. It was appear from the pathology of liver and pancreas that the use of radix salvia miltiorrhiza had protective effect on the lesions (including apoptosis) of liver and pancreas caused by obesity. There was positive correlation between BW and MFT at the end of experiment (r=0.703, P<0.001), and the same correlation were observed between BW and LDL-C (r=0.502, P<0.05), LDL-C and CH (r=0.580, P <0.005).Conclusion: Although application of radix salvia miltiorrhiza as a preventive measure didnot decrease the body weight of fatty rats, it decreased adipose tissue around testis and the apoptosis cells of pancreases. It also alleviated the degree of fatty liver, and the abnormal metabolism of carbohydrate.
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