The Construction Of HIV-1 RMVA Vaccines And The Study Of It's Immunogenicity

AIDS is a kind of severe infectious disease. Human body who is infected with the HIV and whose immune system is damaged by HIV loses the resisting ability to various pathogen which threatens life, as consequently causes various infections or tumor and finally leads to death. AIDS originates from Africa, and prevailed in the youth of Haiti in 1979 ,then it is taken by the immigrant into the United States. On June 5, 1981, American Disease Control Centre of Atlanta City, for the very first time at Outbreak Rate and Death Rate Weekly Magazine introduced five persons'medical record of AIDS. Named formally this disease AIDS in 1982.After HIV infects a human body, the virus designedly infringe upon and exhaust the T lymphoid cell to result in the damage of the economy cell immunity. Patients' main symptom is that immune system is severely hurt and the economy's resistibility descends so that serious infection and some seldom cancer is caused, and the patients easily suffer from various rare disease, such as: Card wave surname tumor, the card surname lung bag insect pneumonia...etc. Because of having no special effective treatment, the death rate of AIDS is very high, so AIDS is called the 20th century's epidemic.Facing the increasing infection of AIDS, how to effectively prevent and cure AIDS have been urgent.The vaccine, as a kind of safe and effective preventing form is valued by people day by day, so researching the vaccine of AIDS within the scope of world is in the ascendant.To construct a successful vaccine of AIDS , a few factors on the technique should be considered as follows:Firstly, it induce enough strong CTL reaction and antibody in the body.The CTL reaction may in the primary stage of infected HIV-1 removes virus consequently to obstruct virus replication in the body; Moreover, antibody, as an important defense barrier of the human body immune system, plays an important role in resisting an extra cause of disease, the HIV infection and arresting virus'replication in body.Secondly, due to particular second type of HIV-1 in the different region, when we are preparing for designing the vaccine of AIDS for some particular region, the influence of some antigens upon the immunity original of the HIV-1 of the different second type must to be considered.Finally, the safety,for a qualified vaccine is the most important condition.The nucleic acid of HIV can integrate with the chromosome of human body cell, so it is more important to investigateof the safety of the vaccine of AIDS.Poxvirus is the valid vaccine of smallpox to be appled within the scope of world extensively and it contributes to destroy completely smallpox within the scope of whole world.Poxvirus has a very high immunity efficiency, but it also has obvious side effect.Because of the side effect , people at six, the 70's started to conquer its weakness. In 1960-1974 , the research group whose leader is professor Anton Mayr in Germany successfully made the virus CVA stub of poxvirus from the Ankara region weak,by spreadding the poxvirus in CEF.While spreading to 516 generations, this stub which is weaken is named after MVA(Modified Vaccinia Ankara).MVA not only inheritted CVA'good immunogenicity, and high protection to the smallpox, but also has small side effect to the person and the animal because it can't breed in the mammal's cells.At present, the vaccine with MVA as its carrier is selected by many research groups.As a virus carrier,MVA has following advantages: (1)the capacity of exogenous gene is great.MVA not only can express big exogenous gene, but also can accept and express many exogenous gene simultaneously, so that it can stimulate immunoreactions to many kinds of antigens simultaneously, or can express immune co-factors and induce high protection. (2)the level of expressing is high. (3)it can infect many kinds of cells,thus the antigens can be presented to many different tissues. (4) MVA has a special safety.This research took Chinese HIV-1 the popular conservative region Gag-Pol sequence as the goal gene, optimizes in the codon in the foundation, constructed has used in the homologous reorganization shuttle material particle PSC-11-GagPol, after the homologous reorganization and the screening examination, obtained the specificity to express HIV-1 Gag-Pol the protein reorganization smallpox vaccine virus rMVA-Psc11-GagPol, After the body fluid and the cellular immunity result analysis, has conducted the research to the rMVA-Psc11-GagPol immunogenic.The result showed tested has constructed reorganization smallpox vaccine virus rMVA-GP successfully, from the DNA level, the protein level had proven HIV-1 the Gag-Pol reorganization antigen gene insertion sequence accuracy, the body fluid as well as the cellular immunity result showed rMVA-GP could effective cause antigen specificity respond the immunity mouse in view of HIV-1 the Gag-Pol, was the HIV-1 vaccine further research has built the solid foundation.