| Objective : To evaluate the possibility of smearing 17β-estradiol on the testing vessel in the management of vein graft failure and investigate it's mechanism. Methods: A rabbit model of jugular veins grafted into the common carotid arteries was established. Animals were randomly divided into: A group: operation group, B group: operation+smearing pluronic-F-127 gel group, and C group: peration+17β-estradiol group, and 17β-estradiol mixed with pluronic-F-127 gel was smeared on the autologous vein grafts. Three days, seven days and fourteen days after the operation, extracellular signal regulated kinase1/2(ERK1/2), phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase1/2(p-ERK) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) were localized by immunohistochemical procedure. Fourteen days after the operation, the thickness of neointima and media and neointima/media ratios(I/M) were calculated from the sections stained with HE and Masson by computer image analysis. Results: Fourteen days after the operation, there was no significant difference in neointima thickness, media thickness and I/M ratios between A and B group. Compared to A group, however, the thickness of neointima, media and I/M ratios in C group decreased 77.05%, 26.93% and 73.08%, respectively. Three days, seven days and fourteen days after the operation, at the same time point, here was no significant difference in the proliferating rate of vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC), the ERK1/2 positive cell rate and the p-ERK positive cell rate between A and B group. But, compared to A group, from three days to fourteen days, the...
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