| Objective:The objective of this paper is to establish a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of human knee joint based on the method of the reverse engineering and medical image data of CT and MRI and to analyze the effect of PCL and ACL deficiency on knee joint.Methods:The medical image data in sagittal and transverse plane are obtained respectively by the CT and MRI scan of left knee joint of a male healthy subject. The data are saved in DICOM format and exported into mimics 8.1. Three-dimensional models of knee joint, including femur, tibia, fibula, ACL, PCL, LCL, MCL, meniscus are established respectively, by using the automatic and manual function in mimics in a personal computer. Based on the reverse engineering method, the models established in mimics are further modified with Geomagic Studio 8, including smooth, polish, create Nurbs surface etc. Then, the three-dimensional geometric models are established in IGES format. Finally, the models created in Geomagic Studio 8 are meshed by MSC. Patran 2005 r3 and the influence of ACL and PCL deficient on knee joint's performance are simulated.Results:Based on the medical image data and reverse engineering method, a three-dimensional finite element model of knee joint is established in the paper which is very close to the real anatomy structure and the ligaments force in normal and PCL and ACL deficiency is analyzed. The computational results indicate that when PCL and ACL are deficient, thedisplacement of femur relative to tibia is increased observably.Conclusion:Based on the medical image data of CT and MRI of human knee joint, the three-dimensional finite element model can be established which is very close to the real anatomical structures of the human knee joint. The model can be used for finite element analysis. The importance of PCL and ACL in keeping stability of knee joint is verified by the computational results. The works of this paper provide the method and basis for further biomechanical research.
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