Analysis Of Head And Neck Squamous Carcinomas By CGH

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC),which affects the hypopharynx, the larynx and the oropharynx, represents 5-10% of all human tumor and is the sixth most common cancer among men in the developed world. According to reports from the world, incidence rate of HNSCC is increasing due to increasing of smoking and drinking. Despite improvements of the treatment over the last decades, survival rates for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain around 50% and variable. A major problem is that little is known about the molecular mechanism involved to the pathogenesis of HNSCC and most popular solution for this kind of tumor is surgery treatment.Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a powerful genome-wide screening molecular method that was described in 1992. In CGH, which is based on a modified in situ Hybridization (ISH), DNA isolated from the tumor and normal reference DNA are differentially labeled and together hybridized to normal metaphase chromosomes under suppression condition with an excess of unlabeled human Cot1 DNA fraction, as competitor, which block the highly repetitive DNA in chromosomes. The ratio of two fluorescences indicated the gains and loses of the chromosomes. It provides a quick assessment of the whole genetic copy number alterations (CNAs) and examination of the potential tumor-suppressor genes and/or oncogenes involved in tumorigenesis in a single hybridization experiment. Owing to its advantage, it quickly becomes a molecular cytogenetic technique and molecular genetic technique, as well as cancer research.For farther understanding of the genetic alteration in HNSCC, we applied CGH in analysis of 72 HNSCC including 17 pharyneal squamouscell carcinomas, 23 laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas and 32 oral squamous cell carcinomas, genetic alteration patterns of HNSCC is gained in 3q,7q, 8q,9q,11q13,17q,22q,5p,7p and12p, lose in 3p,9p,4q,13q and 11q. The three groups of HNSCC showed the most common gains involved 3q,8q,5p,7q,17q and 1q12-13 in PSCC; 3q,8q,5p,7q,17q,7p and 9q in LSCC; 3q,8q,5p and 11q12-13 in OSCC and the most common loses involved in 3p,9p13q,4q and 11q14-25 in PSCC;3p and 9p in LSCC; And 3p in OSCC. Those also indicated there were significant differences in copy-number aberration (CNAs) and high-level amplification (HA) between PSCC, LSCC and OSCC. Our results suggest different chromosomal aberration may play an important role in HNSCC and three subgroup of HNSCC.