Clinical Analysis Of Hypoparathyroidism

Background and objectiveHypoparathyroidism is the endocrine system disease which causes may include reduction of PTH, abnormal structure of parathyroid glands and the target organ no response to PTH. The common clinical manifestation is tetany, hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. Etiology could be divided into three aspects: (1) parathyroid gland injured after thyroid or parathyroid surgery; (2) idiopathic, maybe related to autoimmunity disfunction; (3) very few due to genetic deficiency. Disease incidence is low, and clinical manifestation is often complicated. So this disease is easy to be misdiagnosed. This article is designed to report the type, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of 22 patients with hypoparathyroidism. MethodsThe clinical data of 22 patients with hypoparathyroidism admitted to our hospital from 2000 to 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. We collected the clinical features ( age, sex, course of disease, symptom, physical examination and treatment ), auxiliary examination (blood calcium, blood phosphonium, 24 hour urina calcium and phosphonium, blood PTH, EKG, cranium CT or MRI, EEG ). Clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment were analyzed and compared. Results22 cases etiologically included 13 idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, 8 postsurgicalhypoparathyroidism and 1 pseudohypoparathyroidism. Tetany, epilepsy, neuro-psychiatrical symptoms, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia were common clinical manifestation. There was also low level of PTH, except pseudohypoparathyroidism. After treated with calcium, the manifestations disappeared. ConclusionHypoparathyroidism is the disease which causes may include reduction of PTH, abnormal structure of parathyroid glands and the target organ no response to PTH. The common manifestation is hypocalcemia. The treatment is based on calcium therapy.