| Objective: Cancer Cachexia is a common and severe syndrome in malignant tumor, and it is a major cause of high case fatality rate and shortening life span of patients. The experimental objective is to study the influence of fish oil on cancer cachexia mice condition and life span by animal model, and to further study the effect of fish oil with thalidomide. This experiment also investigates initially the value of fish oil on cancer cachexia in prophylaxis medication and the mechanisms.Methods: The animal model of experiment about cancer cachexia was established by inoculating BALB/c mice with colon 26. 73 male and healthy BALB/c mice were divided into 6 group randomly: health control (HC) group, cancer cachexia (CC) group, fish oil (EPA) group, thalidomide (TLD) group, fish oil and thalidomide (ET) group, prophylaxis medication (PR) group. Mice of each group were therapied for one week. Observations were made on the change of physiological conditions about body weight, food and drink et al. The serum levels of biochemical indicator and cytokines about IL-6,TNF-αwere measured in the experiment, and mice life span was recorded, too. Mice of PR group were treated with fish oil for two weeks before they getting into cancer cachexia. Observations were made about mice bearing cancer rate and the time of mice getting into cancer cachexia. The serum levels of IL-6,TNF-αwere measured by ELISA (Emzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), the serum levels of biochemical indicator were measured by omni-automatic biochemistry analyzer. All data was showed by x±s .The data was analyzed with the spss12.0 software, including T-test, Q-test, ANOVA. The comparison of rates use Fisher's exact test.Results:1 Animal model:Tumor was touched after inoculating colon 26 4-5days on mice in CC, EPA, TLD, ET groups. Mice become listless and less move. Tumor grew about 1cm3 after 7-8 days. Color pattern of mice lose luster and disorderly. Their action become sluggish, they become emaciation. Body weight of mice also begins to decrease. All mice get into cancer cachexia on the 9th day. Tumors were touched after inoculating colon 26 6 days in PR group. The growth of tumors was slow relatively. Mice of PR group get into cancer cachexia on the 12th day.2 Body weight At the beginning, body weight of all group had no notable difference (p>0.05). When 16 days after inoculating colon 26, body weight of CC group had a significant descent compared with HC group (p<0.05). Food and drink appearance descent, too. Body weight of EPA, ET groups had gone up compared with CC group (p<0.05), and there was no statistical difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Body weight of TLD group had no significant increasing; the result has no statistic significance (p>0.05). Compared with CC group, tumor weight of each therapy group takes descent, the different has statistic significance (p<0.01).3 Biochemical indicator The levels of albumin and glucose in CC group were obviously lower than HC group, but cholesterol, triglyeride, very low density lipoprotein, lactic acid dehydrogenase were significantly higher (p<0.01). Above indicator in EPA and ET group had been improved after therapy, but there was no significant statistical difference between EPA and ET group (p>0.05). Compared with CC group, it had no significant statistical difference in TLD group about biochemical indicator (p>0.05). The change of total protein in each group was no statistical difference (p>0.05).4 Cytokine The serum levels of IL-6,TNF-αwere no measured in HC group. There were obviously higher about the levels of IL-6,TNF-αin CC group. Compared with CC group, the levels of IL-6 in EPA group and TNF-αin TLD group were significantly lower, they had significant statistical difference (p<0.01).Both IL-6 and TNF-αhad significant statistical difference in ET group (p<0.05).5 Life span The life span of mice in CC group was significantly shorter. Compared with CC group, life span of mice in EPA,TLD,ET group was longer (p<0.05).6 Bearing cancer rate The bearing cancer rate was 77.78% in PR group, and it was 98.25% in CC mice, the p-value was 0.047, it had statistical difference.Conclusions:1 This experiment has made an animal model of cancer cachexia successfully by inoculating BALB/c mice with colon 26. It provided a theory foundation to cancer cachexia.2 The result of body weight descending, nutrition exhaustion and the levels of IL-6,TNF-αincreasing showed that mice in cancer cachexia condition appearance significantly metabolic disorder of saccharin, lipoids and protein. It may have correlation with cytokines. It showed that the participation of cytokines probably is one of important mechanism that is lead to happen cancer cachexia.3 Fish oil had significantly improved the condition of cancer cachexia mice; including body weight, food and drink, biochemical and nutritional indicators. It showed that fish oil inhibit not only catabolism of muscle protein, lipoids, but also the growth of tumor. The serum level of IL-6 have went down significantly by fish oil, which played critical role in the development of cancer cachexia. So we concluded that fish oil could resist of cancer cachexia and prolong the life span of cancer cachexia mice.4 It has no obviously anti-cancer cachexia effect about thalidomide. Fish oil combined with thalidomide had no better effect. It's probable that the solubility of thalidomide is very weak, and it's not profit of absorption. The effect of thalidomide need further confirm.5 The bearing rate of mice had went down and the time of mice getting into cancer cachexia had been delayed in PR group. It showed that it's necessary to give fish oil to prevent and cure cancer cachexia on the early period.6 These findings suggested that fish oil had significant effect on anti-cancer cachexia in prevention and cure, but the effect has no further improved when combined with thalidomide. These conclusions are preliminary, but it is challenging. It has provided a theory foundation for clinic. We can confirm that fish oil may become a new choice of anti- cancer cachexia.
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