Study On Toxicology And Epidemiology Effects Of Fine Particle Matters To Health In Lanzhou

Objective(1)Monitored the air quality in the heating period in 2005 in different polluted sites in Lanzhou, analyzed metal concentration in PM2.5. Mastered the air pollutants' daily level at that time. (2)Study acute damage in alveolus epithelial cells(AEC) of rats and compare the bacterial phagocytic function of alveolar macrophages(AM) and neutrophil in different rat models induced by different dose,time and origin of PM2.5. (3) Study the influence of air pollution' population health.Methods (1) Air pollutants' daily average concentration of the atmospheric fine matters (PM2.5,sulfur dioxide (SO₂),nitrogen oxides(NO₂) and ozone (O₃) were monitored from December 2005 to February 2006(heating period) in four different polluted sites in Lanzhou (Xigu site looks as industry site,Tieluju site looks as mixed site,Caochangjie site looks as traffic site,Yuzhong site looks as clear site). Collected PM2.5 and analyzed metal concentration in it.(2) Intra-tracheal instillated Wistar rats with water-soluble fractions of PM2.5 in different dose and origin and killed animal after 12h,24h,48h. Detected the DNA Damage and analyzed apoptosis in alveolus epithelial cells(AEC). The phagocytic test was adopted to examine the phagocytic ratio(PR) and swallow index(SI) of neutrophil and alveolar macrophages.(3) The questionnaire survey about the diseases and symptoms of respiratory system and the lung function indexes (FVC, FEV1.0 ,%FVC, FEV1.0%, V25, V50, V75) were investigated among 1300 Juveniles aged 8-18 years in Xigu area(industry site,in Tieluju mixed area and in Xiaguanying relatively clean area. the saliva lysozyme was investigated among 530 Juveniles aged 8-18 years in three sites. Results (1)The air pollutants level showed Xigu industry site>Tieluju mixed site> Caochangjie traffic site>Yuzhong clear site. The PM2.5 average concentration in Xigu industry site and Tieluju mixed site is higher than American standards. NO₂ and SO₂ daily average concentration in Xigu area exceeded or approached to ambient air quality level of standards of GB3095-96. The metal concentration analysis showed that Fe>Mn>Pb>Ni>Cd and signed Xigu industry site>Tieluju mixed site> Caochangjie traffic site>Yuzhong clear site.(2)The results of toxicology of PM2.5:â‘ PM2.5 could induced the DNA damage,apoptosis and necrosis in alveolus epithelial cells(AEC) and showed clearly the dosage-effect relationships. The more increasing of particle concentration, the more DNA tail length of comets showed. The DNA tail lengths of comets in 12-hours group were longer than that in 24-hours group and 48-hours group. Apoptosis and necrosis in AEC showed difference with different type of PM2.5 with the highest dose.â‘¡The phagocytic ratio(PR) and swallow index(SI),kill ratio of neutrophil and alveolar macrophages (AM) of the phagocytic test were all signed clearly the dosage-effect relations. The more dose of PM2.5, the more phagocytic ability with neutrophil and alveolar macrophages. But these bacterial phagocytic function were not related to different damage time and different PM2.5 concentrations.(3)The results of epidemiology of PM2.5:â‘ The air pollution level and respiratory symptoms and diseases prevalence and the pulmonary function showed Xigu industry site>Tieluju mixed site>Yuzhong clear site. By logistic regression, after controlled other factors, it could be demonstrated that the risk factors of the respiratory symptoms and diseases were the air pollution indoor air pollution and smoking.â‘¡The pulmonary function was related to ages but not to sexual distinction, the more effect the younger the children are. The air pollution effect the prevalence of ventilation dis-function with the chronic process. By partial correlations, we found FVC had remarkably negative correlation with PM2.5,SO₂,NO₂ daily average concentration.â‘¢The results showed that the non-specific immunological function in Xigu industry site2,SO₂ daily average concentration. The more level of air pollution, the more harm in non-specific immunological function.Conclusions (1)Monitored results of air pollution showed Xigu industry site> Tieluju mixed site>Caochangjie traffic site>Yuzhong clear site. (2)PM2.5 could impaired the AEC,the bacterial phagocytic function of AM and neutrophil in acute time. They showed only clearly the dosage-effect relations. (3)The air pollution had been obvious detrimental to juvenile's part non-specific immunological function . Severe air pollution has a negative impact on Juvenile's lung function. The air pollution,indoor air pollution and smoking were the main factors to affect the health of respiratory system of the students .