Determination Of Trace Elements In Blood And Speciation Of Chromium In Aqueous Solution

Trace elements play important roles in biological processes, both as essential components and as toxins. Some elements are indispensable and essential for life; Others are just inert at the usual exposure concentrations. Besides, toxicological and biological properties depend not only on the total concentration but also on the chemical species in which this analyte is present. Thus, monitoring the body status of trace elements as well as their specific-speciation has become a key problem that need to be solved recently.The content of this thesis is composed of three parts. The first part presents the detection of 20 trace elements in healthy human plasma by ICP-MS technique. The second part focuses on the determination of carboplatin and xiqianplatin in plasma of beagle dogs. The third part pays attention to primary study of chromium speciation in aqueous solutions. Following details are:A multi-elementary metal quantification method using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is established and validated in human plasma. Reference values of 20 elements (Be,Mg,Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Mo,Ag,Cd,Sb,Ba,Hg,Tl,Pb,Th,U) of healthy adults (n=100) and healthy children (n=50) are given. This method is simple, accurate. It can be used to the monitor of multi-elementary concentration in plasma and propose of reference range of plasma.An ICP-MS method is developed for determination of platinum and it is applied to detection of carboplatin and xiqianplatin in plasma of beagle dogs. This method is simple, fast, and only requires 0.1 mL plasma. It can be employed successfully to the pharmacokinetics studies of carboplatin and xiqianplatin in beagle dogs.Cloud point extraction (CPE) is applied as a preconcentration step for HPLC speciation of chromium in aqueous solutions. Simultaneous preconcentration of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions is achieved by CPE with diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) as the chelating agent and Triton X-114 as the extractant. The developed method is applied to the speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in wastewater samples.