Study On The Expression Of CD44 And CD82,DNA Content And Apoptosis In Female NSCLC

IntroductionIn recent years, lung cancer has become the leading cause of cancer-related deathsin both male and female in China. The development of malignant tumor was regulatedby multi-factors, It included tumor metastasis gene and tumor metastasis suppressorgene,malignant proliferation of tumor cell,new angiopoiesis of tissue,tumor celladhesion excreted matrix of protein degradation and tumor cell migration,avoidingimmunologic surveillance and so on. The degree of malignancy was made decision bythe abnormality of the content of DNA and composition of ploid and chromosomalaberration. Lately the expression of CD44 and CD82,DNA content and apoptosis mayhave an important potential value in the prognose, early diagnosis, progression ofpathogenetic condition and potency of metastasis in lung cancer.CD44 (Cluster of Differentiation 44), is a family of transmembrane glycoproteins,a cell surface hyaluronate receptor, has been found to be widely expressed in a varietyof cells of bematopoietic, epithelial and mesothelial origins and some tumors. TheCD44 molecule has been associated with diverse physiological functions such ascell-cell adhesion, cell-matrix interaction, lymphocyte homing and activation, cellmigration and so on. It was shown to play a role in the invasive and metastaticproperties of tumor cells. The CD82 (Cluster of Differentiation 82), the product ofwhich is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily is a suppressor metastasis. Ithad many functions in protein localization of cell envelope superficies,cell adhesion,cell movement and so on. It is inversely associated with tumor progression. Assaying of DNA is a new way of reflecting the state of tumor cell liver nucleic acid metabolismand multiplication of growth, it provided a objective evidence that the advancement ofclinical judgement and the degree of malignancy. In this study, the expression of CD44and CD82,DNA content and apoptosis in tissue and peripheral blood lymphocyte ofthe patient in female NSCLC were detected by flow-cytometry. The purpose of thisstudy is to analyse the relationship between them and potential energy of metastasis andthe significance of prognosis, also to provide the evidence of the genesis, developmentand diagnose in female NSCLC.Materials and MethodsIn this study we respectively detected the tissue and peripheral blood lymphocytein female NSCLC, the tissue cases of 61 diagnosed patients (between January 2004 andOctober 2005) with histologically were confirmed lung carcinoma in Liaoning CancerHospital. The average age was 51 years. 18 cases of squamous cancer and 43 cases ofadencarcinama. All cases were classified by TNM stages that in accordance with theUICC(1997), 14 cases with stageⅠ, 21 cases with stageⅡ, 20 cases with stageⅢ, 6cases with stageⅣ, histologically, tumors were graded as well, moderately and poorlydifferentiated, 42 with lymph metastasis and 19 without lymph metastasis, tissuesamples 5cm as para-cancer control group and benign lesions as benign control group.Get peripheral blood 2 ml of 32 cases of lung cancer detected the CD44, normal controlwas health blood donor, all were female and the average age was 43.Make the tissue to cell suspension by the way of artificial mechanical disruption,then going through 300 screen opening nylon, obtaining the cell suspension byficoll-hypaque. Make the peripheral blood to homeocyte by regular way. Addedfluorescein stain of CD44-FITC,CD82-PE,apoptosis kit and PI in above-mentionedcell, negative control added IgG-FITC. Using FACSsort flow cytometry to detect andstatistical treatment used SPSS 12.0 statistical package.Results This study found that the heteroploid was 75.41％(46／61), diploid was 24.59％(15／61) in the 61 cases of female NSCLC, the expression of CD44 and DI in cancergroup was higher significantly than in para-cancer control group and benign lesions(P＜0.01), but the expression of CD82 and the rate of apoptosis were lower(P＜0.01).there was no dependability in the para-cancer control group and benign lesions(P＞0.05).The expression of CD44 in peripheral blood lymphocyte was higher than normalcontrol (P＜0.01). The expression of CD44 and DI in the stage ofⅠandⅡwas lowerthan that inⅢandⅣ(P＜0.01), but CD82 and apoptosis was higher(P＜0.05). Thedifference of CD44,CD82 and DI were significance between the well-differentiatedand the poorly differentiated in lung cancer (P＜0.01). The expression of CD44 in lungcancer with lymph node metastasis was higher than not with it (P＜0.05), but the CD82was opposite. The expression of CD44 in peripheral blood lymphocyte was the same tothe expression of CD44 in the tissue. There was no dependablity between CD44,CD82 and age or size in female NSCLC (P＞0.05). In the study of relationgship amongCD44,CD82,DI and apoptosis in female NSCLC, the result indicated that with DIstepping up, CD44 was heighten, so there was positive correlation between DI andCD44(r=0.761, P＜0.01), there was negative correlation between CD82 expression,the rate of apoptosis and DI (r=-0.453, P＜0.01), and showed negative correlation withthe expression of CD44 and CD82(r=-0.804, P＜0.01).DiscussionLung cancer was one of the serious malignant tumors which was the morbidityand mortality increase fastest and the hazard to human. Since the first reported byLaennec in the middle stage of 19th century, the morbidity of lung cancer increasedendlessly and the increasing of the morbidity in the female lung cancer was moreoutstanding. In recent years, a great deal of research which the domestic andinternational scholar carried on made us to know that the occurrence and developmentof the lung cancer was the result of multiple factor. Transfer was the one of the criticalinfluencing factors which effecting the prognosis of the cancer and it was the important reason of the death of the lung cancer.In former research, immunohistochemistry was adopted in the qualitative detectedthe relationship between the expression CD44 and CD82 in the tissue of lung cancer tostudy the transfer and prognosis in tumor. This experiment applied flow cytometer todetect the expression of CD44 and CD82, the content of DNA and the rate ofapopotosis in 61 cases of female NSCLC, tissue samples 5cm and 45 cases of benignlesions. This result indicated that the expression abnormality of CD44 was related tothe occurrence of lung cancer and showed that hypsi-expression of CD44 was veryimportant to lymph node metastasis in lung cancer. CD44 can be a new criterion oflymph node in the lung cancer transfer, also be proved that the CD44 repressed theimmunity of the T cell apoptosis immunological regulation, and made the cancer cellevaded the organism immune mechanism. It was very important in the growth andtransfer of tumor. These results indicated that hypo-expression of CD82 maybe relatedto the occurrence and development of lung cancer, and it could promote the potency ofmetastasis. It may be very important to promote the malignancy grade and metastasis.Inthe process of cancerization, it had emerged failure in the system of the tumor cellaccommodation and growth control. The DNA content of tumor cell changed becauseof the chromosomal aberration. So it would conduce to the qualitation diagnosis ofmalignant pathological change. This experiment result indicated that it was happenedfrequently in DNA increasing and generation activity enhancement. The rate ofapoptosis was the objective index that the FCM reflected the quantity of apoptosis. Thisstudy shows that it was in accordance with currently the research result concerning lungcancer, and this hint that the occurrence and development of lung cancer was related tothe disequilibrium between cell multiplication and apoptosis. In the study ofdependablity among CD44,CD82,DI and the rate of apoptosis in female NSCLC, theresult indicated that there was not only increasing in cell cleavage, but also the amountof apoptosis cell decreased in the occurrence process of the NSCLC in female. In theother hand, the tumor intercellular adhesive attraction was degraded because of CD44 high expression and CD82 low expression, which enhance the adhesive attraction ofextracellular matrix and the ability of infestation, promoted metastasis.Conclusions1. The expression of CD44 and CD82,DNA content and apoptosis weredependability in degree of differentiation,clinical stage and lymph node metastasis.The expression of CD44 and CD82 had the accommodate effect in the genesis andtransfer of lung cancer.2. There was correlation between the expression of CD44 in the peripheral bloodand the tissue.3. It indicated that it was happened frequently in generation activity enhancementand depression of apoptosis of tumor cell, the occurrence and development of lungcancer was related to the disequilibrium between cell multiplication and apoptosis.