Risk Factors For Depression In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective To assess the prevalence rate of depression and identify risk factors forthe development of depression in patients with T2DM.Method A community-based case-control study was conducted in the NankaiDistrict and Hangu District of Tianjin. We uesd the CES-D to assess depression. 46DM patients with depression were selected as case group and 171 DM patientswithout depression were selected as control group. All the information was collectedby questionnaire in face-to-face interview. Unconditional logistic regression,multivariate logistic regression, principal component analysis and factor analysiswere used to analyze the risk factors and the potential interactions between some riskfactors.Results Results from univariate analysis showed that the following factors weresignificantly associated with the development of DD: poor marital status(OR=2.691, 95%CI: 1.128-6.419), higher level of P2hPG (OR=1.786, 95%CI:1.108-2.879), treatment with insulin (OR=2.361, 95%CI: 1.005-5.546), DMcomplications (OR=1.786, 95%CI: 1.367-2.335), co-morbid other chronic diseases(OR=1.541, 95%CI: 1.135-2.094), loss weight (OR=3.556, 95%CI: 1.711-7.389),mood(OR=2.331,95%CI: 1.545-3.519),poor relationship with others (OR=2.305,95%CI: 1.161-4.574),stress (OR=5.376, 95%CI: 2.674-10.811),oppression OR=0.058, 95%CI: 0.027-0.127),lower compliance to treatment (OR=1.877,95%CI: 1.041-3.386),less exercise (OR=3.042, 95%CI: 1.534-6.034),poor qualityof life (OR=5.040, 95%CI: 2.617-9.076). The results of multi-logistic regressionanalysis showed that the following factors were significantly associated with DD:poor quality of life,DM complications (OR=2.903, 95%CI: 1.805-4.669),stress,oppression (OR=3.640, 95%CI: 2.238-5.920),higher level ofsmoking-index (OR=1.595, 95 %CI: 1.014-2.508). Besides the results mentionedabove, the analysis of the interaction showed that the negative interaction existed between quality of life,number of DM complication (FAC3) and stress,oppression (FAC6) .Conclusion DD relates to multiple risk factors: poor quality of life,DMcomplications,stress,oppression,higher level of smoking-index.