Research On The Relation Of Dietary Nutrition And Physical Fitness Of Female Students In Higher Vocational School In Suzhou

Objective To know the dietary nutrition and physical fitness of female students in highervocational school in Suzhou, and to study the relations between dietary nutrition andfitness in order to combine nutrition education with physical activity to improve student'sphysical fitness.Methods A stratified sample and cluster sample of 420 female residents of 4 grades(aged 18-20 years) in Suzhou. There were 274 students who had majored in nutritioncourses, and 146 students who did not major in nutrition courses.The weights of both the raw and cooked dishes were obtained by the weighting method. A3-days dietary survey by 24h retrospection and a food frequency questionnaire wereperformed. Then nutrient intakes were calculated, and compared with the DietaryReference Intakes for mild physical activity female adults.The indices of the physical fitness include body height, body weight, chest circumference,eyesight, blood pressure, vital capacity, 50-meter run, 800-meter run, one-minute sit-up,body fat, and hemoglobin. The evaluation was conducted according to the "standard ofphysical fitness for students". The statistical analysis, such as T-test, chi-square criterion,and correlation analysis were conducted by the software of SPSS.Results(1)Diet There were significant difference between the nutrition group and non- nutritiongroup(P<0.01). The daily intakes of meat, fish, eggs, milk and bean products was more innutrition group than non-nutrition group. The consumption of aquatic products, eggs, milkand milk products, and bean products in both groups were lower than the recommendedintakes.(2)The energy and nutrients The intakes of calorie and protein respectively were 90%and 103% of RNI in nutrition group and 82% and 87% in non-nutrition group (P<0.01). The intakes of calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and vitamin C in nutrition group were more than those of non-nutrition group (P<0.01). The calorie intake from three macronutrients respectively was protein 13.6%, fat 36.6% and carbohydrate 49.8%, and the calorie from fat was higher than recommended intake. Also, the calorie intake from breakfast was lower and the calorie intake from supper was higher than recommended intake. The ratio of the calorie from three meals in nutrition group was better than in non-nutrition group,(3)Physical fitness The average of body height, body weight and chest circumference were 159.38±4.98cm, 50.76±5.96kg, 78.30±6.28cm respectively for higher vocational school female students, were significantly lower than the national values (159.45±5.54cm, 51.30±3.67 kg, 79.88±5.14cm) for female students in city (P<0.01). Also the average of vital capacity and the vital capacity index were significantly lower than the national values for female students in city (P<0.01). The average scores of 50-meter-run , 800-meter-run and one-minute sit-up were significantly higher than the national values for female students in city (P<0.05). The rate of overweight estimated by the weight for height, body mass index (BMI) or body fat (BF) was 3.4%, 8.0%, 21.2%, respectively.(4)Common disease The rates of blood pressure in upper limit of normal, short sight and aneima were 1.78%, 68.78%, 25.75% respectively. Compared with national level, the former two were lower and the later was higher than the national values for female students in city. Of all anemia subjects, 87% students cared their body type very much; only 13% students did not care their body type.(5)Relations of dietary nutrition and physical fitness The weight gain in 3 years is positively correlative with the intakes of protein, niacin and calcium (P<0.05); the height gain is positively correlative with the intakes of protein, riboflavin and calcium, and the frequency of milk intake; and the vital capacity index is positively correlative with intakes of protein, thiamin and iron. The score of 800-meter run is positively correlative with the intakes of calorie, protein, thiamin and iron. However, the scores of 50-meter run and one-minute sit-up have no obvious correlations with nutrients.Conclusions(1)It has been shown that nutrition education had received obvious results on improving teenagers'intake of food(2)Compared with the national level, the stature and vital capacity of female students in higher vocational school were smaller, but the athletics scores were better than that ofnational values, which shown that sports activities in school evolved better than before.(3)The detection rate of anemia was higher than that of national level, which was related toblind on diet, and it would be an emphasis of nutrition education for future.(4)Some nutrients, such as protein, high quality protein and calcium can improve bothbody height and body weight. And the intake of egg and milk can significantly promoteheight growth. The intake of protein is correlated with the improvement of function oflung.