| Objiective: Radiation-induced lung injury is a common complication of thoracic radiotherapy. Its mechanism is complex. Currently were no specific effective prevention and treatment methods. Prostaglandin E1 can decrease the form of oxyradical, inhibit the activity of neutrophil and improve pneumoangiogram microcirculation, so it was used to treat acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury. The purpose of the study is to observe the effect after the application of prostaglandinE1 injection in early-stage radiation lung injury rat model, to provide effective clinical therapy of prevention and treatment on lung injury induced by radiotherapy.Methods:1. Healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into blank control, experimental control , experimental group.2. The rats of experimental control , experimental group were radiated right thoracic with 8MeV electron rays at a dose of 20Gy . The source-to-skin distance was 100cm, and the field was 2.5cm×4.0cm, and the rate of dose were 274.8cGy·min-1 . Prostaglandin E1 injection 10μg·kg-1·d-1was injected into the rats of experimental group by vena caudalis per day for a consecutive five-day therapy.3. Images of every group rats'HRCT were obtained on the day 6,15,30,60 after radiation ; Transforming growth factor-β1( TGF-β1),Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in blood serum were messured by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay; The right of lung tissues were observed by Hematoxylin-eosine staining and transmission electron microscope on the day 6,15,30,60 after radiation. The effect of prostaglandinE1 injection on expression of TGF-β1 were observed by immunohistochemistry.Results:1. HRCT findings including ground-glass opacity and patchy consolidation were observed at the rats of experimental control group on the day 30,60. The ground-glass opacity was observed at the rats of experimental group on the day 30,60.2. Experimental control suffered from markedly pneumonia and pulmonary edema on the day 30,60 and it decreased in experimental group in corresponding times.3. Transmission electron microscope showed that alveolar typeⅡand endothelial cells of capillary were injuried in experimental control on the day30,60 and revived in experimental group in the same time.4. TNF-αincreased more significantly in plasma than the blank control on the day 15,30,60(p<0.05),and experimental group could decreased it on the day 15(p<0.05); TGF-β1 increased more significantly in plasma than the blank control on the day 15,30,60(p<0.05),and experimental group could decreased it on the day 15,30,60(p<0.05).5. Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that the expression of TGF-β1 in experimental control was stronger than experimental group after radiation.Conclusions:1. The mechanism onset of radiation-induced lung injury was complex, which involved multiple cells and cytokines interaction, prostaglandin E1 injection could alleviate radiation-induced pneumonia, edema.2. Prostaglandin E1 injection could protect vascular endothelial cell and alveolar typeⅡfrom being injuried induced by irradiation.3. Prostaglandin E1 injection could alleviate radiation-induced lung injury by inhibiting the expression and release of TGF-β1,decreasing TGF-β1 in blood serum; Prostaglandin E1 injection have no obvious effect on TNF-αin blood serum in beginning stage.
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